Emerging smart environment infrastructures provide users with a large number of interconnected assisting appliances. Inferring the intention of a team within such an area becomes a central challenge, especially if multiple user are observed by noisy heterogenous sensors. We propose a team task model based on hierarchical Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for inferring the current task and activity...

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that function as the universal specificity factors in post-transcriptional gene silencing. Discovering miRNAs, identifying their targets and further inferring miRNA functions have been a critical strategy for understanding normal biological processes of miRNAs and their roles in the development of disease. In this review, we focus on compu...

Context Awareness is the task of inferring contextual data acquired through sensors present in the environment. ‘Context’ encompasses all knowledge bounded by a scope and includes attributes of machines and users. A general context aware system is composed of context gathering and context inference modules. This paper proposes a Context Inference Engine (CiE) that classifies the current context...

In this paper we discuss Liau’s logic of Belief, Inform and Trust (BIT), which captures the use of trust to infer beliefs from acquired information. However, the logic does not capture the derivation of trust from other notions. We therefore suggest the following two extensions. First, like Liau we observe that trust in information from an agent depends on the topic of the information. We exten...

Routing protocols maintain connectivity of Internet routers and hosts and determine the path that a packet traverses. Inferring Internet paths is critical for evaluating the performance of Internet applications and services, such as cloud services and content delivery. Unlike intra-domain routing protocols, which typically use the shortest paths, inte-domain routing protocol apply local policie...

In Social networks, users need a proper estimation of trust in others to be able to initialize reliable relationships. Some trust evaluation mechanisms have been offered, which use direct ratings to calculate or propagate trust values. However, in some web-based social networks where users only have binary relationships, there is no direct rating available. Therefore, a new method is required t...

Recent studies have suggested oxytocin's therapeutic effects on deficits in social communication and interaction in autism spectrum disorder through improvement of emotion recognition with direct emotional cues, such as facial expression and voice prosody. Although difficulty in understanding of others' social emotions and beliefs under conditions without direct emotional cues also plays an imp...

Keyword queries over databases offer simple access to data, but this frequently suffer from low quality of ranking. It would be beneficial to categorize queries that are likely to have the low ranking quality to improve the user satisfaction. For example, the system may recommend to the user alternate queries for such hard queries. In this report, the characteristics of hard queries are analyze...

among factors causing disagreement of shiites and sunnis is commentatorial   hadiths. such hadiths are of great significance in the process of understanding as well as commenting on the quran–and even inferring juristic precepts. hence, attitude of muslims towards such   hadiths play a significant role in the process of formation of their beliefs and inferring islamic precepts. attitude of sunn...

2 Lihelihood inference using importance sampling algorithms 3 2.1 Inferring the likelihood for a parameter point by importance sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.1 Sequential importance sampling formulation . . . . . . 3 2.1.2 Optimal p and w . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1.3 Formulation of efficient p and w . . . . . . . . . . . ....