Increasing fertility and decreasing mortality are major response strategies in Russian demographic reform, which has led to significant decreases both abortion rate (AR) infant mortality. This study explores mechanisms influencing the socioeconomic conditions leading Spatial panel economic analysis using data from 83 regions of country covering four time periods was applied. Every 1000 USD incr...

Birth and death indicators were examined through retrospective surveys conducted in 1985 and 1987 in the Islamic Republic of lran, reviewing 1984 and 1986 events, to obtain infant mortality rate (IMR) and other necessary indicators for health planning and evaluation. Comparison between 1985 and 1987 surveys revealed: 1. No major change in crude death rate ( 6.3 per 1000 in 1987 survey) had...

Difference in crude neonatal and infant mortality rates (NMR and IMR) among different countries is due to the differences in its two determinants: birth weight distribution (BWD) and birth weight-specific mortality rates (BW-SMRs). We aimed to determine impact of BWD and BW-SMRs on differences in crude NMR and IMR among Korea, Japan, and the U.S. Our study used the live birth data of the period...

OBJECTIVE: Infant mortality rates (IMR) and neonatal mortality rates (NMR) in the United States have not decreased recently. The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of birth weight and gestational age subgroups to the IMR and NMR in the United States. METHODS: We used the most recent (1983–2005) US linked birth and infant death data and simple regression analysis to determi...

Background Infant mortality is a major problem in Nepal, particularly in the mountainous region of the country. Objective To identify factors that contributes to the high rate of infant mortality in the mountain zone in Nepal. Method Data were derived from the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Infant mortality was analyzed across three ecological zones in a sample of 5,306 live b...

BACKGROUND We describe trends in childhood mortality in Kenya, paying attention to the urban-rural and intra-urban differentials. METHODS We use data from the Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys (KDHS) collected between 1993 and 2008 and the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) collected in two Nairobi slums between 2003 and 2010, to estimate infant mortality rat...

Half of the 10 million children who die annually in the world are from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The reasons are known, but lack of will and resources avoid the development of sustainable policies. Associated factors to the high infant mortality rate (IMR) in SSA have been investigated in this research. An ecological multi-group study was designed comparing rates within SSA. The dependent varia...

OBJECTIVE: Infant mortality rates (IMR) and neonatal mortality rates (NMR) in the United States have not decreased recently. The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of birth weight and gestational age subgroups to the IMR and NMR in the United States. METHODS: We used the most recent (1983–2005) US linked birth and infant death data and simple regression analysis to determi...

The beginning of the secular decline in infant mortality in England and Wales can be dated fairly precisely, since from 1900 substantial and sustained decrease in the national infant mortality rate (IMR) occurred and continued throughout the twentieth century. The causes of long-term infant mortality decline are relatively easy to understand in general terms and are related to the process of mo...