Cooperation is only beneficial if the outcome is equally shared between individuals involved in the cooperative interaction. A mechanism to limit the development of unequal cooperation is inequity aversion, the negative reaction to unequal treatment. While inequity aversion has been studied extensively across many animal species, it remains unclear whether inequity aversion elicited in experime...

introduction: the success of a health system depends on the accessibility and the quality of health services it provides. one major indicator of service quality is peoples satisfaction from the service. in this article, healthcare availability and satisfaction of people in 17th zone of tehran is investigated. methods: population research center has performed a survey in 17th zone of tehran to i...

This paper analyzes how incentive provision in team production is affected if agents are inequity averse in the sense of Fehr and Schmidt (1999). By deriving optimal contracts accounting for inequity aversion we find that efficient effort choices can be implemented with simple budget-balancing sharing rules if agents are sufficiently inequity averse. Conditions on inequity aversion become less ...

This paper analyzes the interaction of fairness concerns and social comparisons with asymmetric information and incentives within the context of a firm’s employment decision. It studies optimal, incentive-compatible employment contracts if each worker is inequity averse he suffers from being ‘worse off’ than his colleagues and has private information about his productivity. Inequity aversion is...

Sometimes we punish non-cooperators in our society. Such behavior could be derived from aversive emotion for inequity (inequity aversion) to make non-cooperators cooperative. Thus, punishing behavior derived from inequity is believed to be important for maintaining our society. Meanwhile, our daily experiences suggest that the degree of cooperation by the members of society (cooperation level o...

BACKGROUND One strategic approach available to policy makers to improve the availability of reproductive and child health care supplies and services as well as the sustainability of programs is to expand the role of the private sector in providing these services. However, critics of this approach argue that increased reliance on the private sector will not serve the needs of the poor, and could...

background over the last decade there has been an increase in healthcare expenditures while at the same time the inequity in distribution of resources has grown. these two issues have urged the researchers to review the determinants of healthcare expenditures. in this study, we surveyed the determinants of health expenditures in economic cooperation organization (eco) countries.   methods we us...