An important type of product differentiation in the venture capital (VC) market is industry specialization. We estimate a market structure model to assess competition among VCs—some of which specialize in a particular industry and others of which are generalists—and find that the incremental effect of additional same-type competitors increases as the number of same-type competitors increases. F...

We extend theories of self-regulation of physical commons to analyze self-regulation of intangible commons in modern industry. We posit that when the action of one firm can cause “spillover” harm to others, firms share a type of commons. We theorize that the need to protect this commons can motivate the formation of a self-regulatory institution. Using data from the U.S. chemical industry, we f...

car manufacturing industry accident’s rates from three major companies are analyzed. totally 1325 accidents with 4 cases of fatality were recorded. accident rates per 100 full-time workers have gradually increased from 5.3 to 8.7 during 3 years of study. most of the accidents occurred during the primary hours of the work, strains and sprains represented the most frequently occurring type of inj...

Identifying the type of a code, whether in a file or byte stream, is a challenge that many software companies are facing. Many applications, security and others, base their behavior on the type of code they receive as an input. Today‟s traditional identification methods rely on file extensions, magic numbers, propriety headers and trailers or specific type identifying rules. All these are vulne...

For more than three decades, public policy makers and public health officials have had conclusive evidence of the hazards of tobacco use, yet tobacco products remain legal, accessible, and acceptable in our society. Public health advocates have been unable to develop a consistent, coordinated message powerful enough to combat the influence of the tobacco industry. Studying the way in which the ...