نتایج جستجو برای: indirectness
تعداد نتایج: 177 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The growth of illicit enrichment crime, or living beyond one’s means is a significant challenge in combating corruption. Many countries have shown their commitment towards preventing crimes by criminalising and penalising laws, including Hong Kong Singapore. Illicit crime Malaysia has no clear provisions on to prevent it. Therefore, this paper analysed the adequacy Section 36 Malaysian Anti-Cor...
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour (ILO) are developing joint estimates of work-related burden disease injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates), with contributions from a large network experts. Evidence mechanistic human data suggests that occupational exposure to ergonomic (or physical) risk factors may cause osteoarthritis other musculoskeletal diseases (excluding rheuma...
Speakers often do not state requests directly but employ innuendos such as Would you like to see my etchings? Though such indirectness seems puzzlingly inefficient, it can be explained by a theory of the strategic speaker, who seeks plausible deniability when he or she is uncertain of whether the hearer is cooperative or antagonistic. A paradigm case is bribing a policeman who may be corrupt or...
OBJECTIVES The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) working group has developed GRADE evidence profiles (EP) and summary of findings (SoF) tables to present evidence summaries in systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, and health technology assessments. Explanatory notes are used to explain choices and judgments in these summaries, for example, on rating o...
The verbal interaction among students, teachers, parents, and school administrators plays a significant role in achieving educational goals as the language used in educational settings while mirroring the dominant educational culture, functions as an important tool in shaping and reshaping their beliefs. Thus, the culture language in any educational setting needs to be studied in order to ident...
OBJECTIVES To conduct a literature review and assess the current strength of evidence of the available studies and to investigate factors important for treatment choice. METHODOLOGY Structured electronic and hand searches were performed, restricted to English records for all age groups. Only cohort studies comparing spontaneous eruption and surgical and orthodontic extrusion were assessed. Ri...
INTRODUCTION Non-pharmacological therapies for common chronic medical conditions in older patients are underused in clinical practice. We propose a protocol for the assessment of the evidence of non-pharmacological interventions to prevent or treat relevant outcomes in several prevalent geriatric conditions in order to provide recommendations. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The conditions of interest f...
When people speak, they often insinuate their intent indirectly rather than stating it as a bald proposition. Examples include sexual come-ons, veiled threats, polite requests, and concealed bribes. We propose a three-part theory of indirect speech, based on the idea that human communication involves a mixture of cooperation and conflict. First, indirect requests allow for plausible deniability...
BACKGROUND The gold standard for assessment of intraabdominal pressure (IAP) is via intravesicular pressure measurement (IVP). This accepted technique has some inherent problems, e.g. indirectness. Aim of this clinical study was to assess direct IAP measurement using an air-capsule method (ACM) regarding complications risks and agreement with IVP in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. METH...
OBJECTIVES The aim of this paper is to describe a conceptual framework for how to consider health equity in the Grading Recommendations Assessment and Development Evidence (GRADE) guideline development process. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Consensus-based guidance developed by the GRADE working group members and other methodologists. RESULTS We developed consensus-based guidance to help address...
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