Consider drawing a sample of ‘n’ experimental units where each unit is observed over ‘T’ time periods. Are the draws independent ? Small and large (in ‘n’) sample properties of a distribution-free statistic, built to assess the degree of correlation, are provided. Further, the large sample distribution is also investigated in the case where the statistic is evaluated using residuals from a comp...

Ising spin glasses with bimodal and Gaussian near-neighbor interaction distributions are studied through numerical simulations. The non-self-averaging (normalized inter-sample variance) parameter U22(T,L) for the spin glass susceptibility (and for higher moments Unn(T,L)) is reported for dimensions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7. In each dimension d the non-self-averaging parameters in the paramagnetic regim...

Also, a process {Yt : t ≥ 0} is said to have independent increments if, for all t0 < t1 < . . . < tn, the n random variables Yt1 − Yt0 , Yt2 − Yt1 , ..., Ytn − Ytn−1 are independent. This condition implies that {Yt : t ≥ 0} is Markovian, but not conversely. The increments are further said to be stationary if, for any t > s and h > 0, the distribution of Yt+h− Ys+h is the same as the distributio...

The aim of the ISISEMD project is to provide a pilot of innovative intelligent set of scalable services that will support the independent living of elderly people in general and in particular the group of elderly with cognitive problems or mild dementia and at the same time to support the formal and informal caregivers in their daily interaction with the elderly. The services will improve the e...

This paper compares the type I error and power of the one- and two-sample t-tests, and the one- and two-sample permutation tests for detecting differences in gene expression between two microarray samples with replicates using Monte Carlo simulations. When data are generated from a normal distribution, type I errors and powers of the one-sample parametric t-test and one-sample permutation test ...

BACKGROUND In this article, we discuss the purpose of sample size calculation in clinical trials, the need for it, and the methods by which it is accomplished. Study samples that are either too small or too large are unacceptable, for clinical, methodological, and ethical reasons. The physicians participating in clinical trials should be directly involved in sample size planning, because their ...