BACKGROUND There is a substantial body of evidence of income-related inequalities in dental care use, attributed to the fact that dental care is often not covered by public health insurance. Wealth-related inequalities have also been shown to be greater than income-related inequalities. Japan is one of the exceptions, as the the universal pubic health insurance system has covered dental care. T...

Precis: In this paper we present some quantitative indices for measuring and comparing levels of inequality in discrete spatial distributions. The indices presented are based on the Kullback Informa­ tion Measure which we consider to be the most general. In the final section of the paper the indices are applied to measure inequality in per capita income and certain categories of employment dist...

BACKGROUND Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality can be explained by different groups of risk factors. However, little is known whether repeated measurement of risk factors can provide better explanation of socioeconomic inequalities in health. Our study examines the extent to which relative educational and income inequalities in mortality might be explained by explanatory risk factors (behav...

structure and function of socio – economic systems present different spatial effects in different countries of the world. in this study, structure and function of social and economical systems is analyzed to identify of changes within urban spatial structure. in tehran, effects of political and economic factor is analyzed for identification of changes of its spatial structure and its periphery ...

Objective: To study the trends of socioeconomic inequalities and socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived health in Spain between 1987 and 2001. Methods: We estimated the distribution of educational level and per capita provincial income, and the differences in lessthan-good self-perceived health by educational level and per capita provincial income in each period. Results: The percentage o...

OBJECTIVE To study the trends of socioeconomic inequalities and socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived health in Spain between 1987 and 2001. METHODS We estimated the distribution of educational level and per capita provincial income, and the differences in less-than-good self-perceived health by educational level and per capita provincial income in each period. RESULTS The percentage...

BACKGROUND Both trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality, and cross-country comparisons, may give more information about the causes of health inequalities. We analysed trends in socioeconomic differentials by mortality from early 1980s to late 1990s, comparing Sweden with New Zealand. METHODS The New Zealand Census Mortality Study (NZCMS) consisting of over 2 million individuals and ...

BACKGROUND Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are one of the greatest challenges for health policy in all European countries, but the potential for reducing these inequalities is unclear. We therefore quantified the impact of equalizing the distribution of six risk factors for mortality: smoking, overweight, lack of physical exercise, lack of social participation, low income, and economic ...

Abstract Confronted with ageing and depopulation, Romania needs to identify the main factors that attract immigrant population. This paper tackles matter of regional income disparities as a key factor for temporary immigration in Romania. The quantitative approach includes spatial panel data analysis based on dataset retrieved from Romanian National Institute Statistics our consists 378 observa...

In this glossary, the authors address eight key questions pertinent to health inequalities: (1) What is the distinction between health inequality and health inequity?; (2) Should we assess health inequalities themselves, or social group inequalities in health?; (3) Do health inequalities mainly reflect the effects of poverty, or are they generated by the socioeconomic gradient?; (4) Are health ...