The history of pins in molars is back in 1839-1855. Their use is mainly in the restoration of large cavities first with amalgam and then with esthetic resin materials. Between 1958-2008 for a period of 50 years only 70 publications appear which are related to the topic. This is due to the difficulties in the clinical and non clinical research on pins. The articles focused on class II cavities a...

The digitally reconfigurable surface is a pin based mechanism for creating physical threedimensional contoured surfaces from a computer aided design (CAD) input. When the digital design is properly downloaded into the device, a pin array is collectively actuated to the desired geometry. A rubber interpolation layer is held onto the tops of the pins by vacuum pressure to prevent undesired dimpli...

The laboratory rat, a non-photoperiodic rodent, exhibits seasonal fluctuations of melatonin. Melatonin has been found to be readily transferred from the maternal to the fetal circulation. No data exist on the possible influence of maternal pineal gland upon seasonal variations of the offspring. The aim of the present study was to asses the influence of the maternal melatonin rhythm on the offsp...

displaced fracture of the acromion without associated shoulder injury occurs rarely. a 31-year-old gentleman presented with an isolated acromion fracture resulting from a direct trauma to the top of his left shoulder. open reduction and internal fixation using multiple pins was performed and the fracture was closed without complications. the patient achieved excellent shoulder function and rank...

We measured the insertion and extraction torque forces in a randomised study of 76 external fixation screws in 19 patients treated by hemicallotasis for osteoarthritis of the medial side of the knee. The patients were randomised to have either standard tapered screws (Orthofix 6/5 mm) or the same screws with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating. One patient had two standard and two HA-coated screws. All...

In animal cells, mitotic spindles are oriented by the dynein/dynactin motor complex, which exerts a pulling force on astral microtubules. Dynein/dynactin localization depends on Mud/NUMA, which is typically recruited to the cortex by Pins/LGN. In Drosophila neuroblasts, the Inscuteable/Baz/Par-6/aPKC complex recruits Pins apically to induce vertical spindle orientation, whereas in epithelial ce...

Original approval signatures are on file with the Graduate School and the University of Oregon Libraries. Protein-protein interaction networks translate environmental inputs into specific physiological outputs. The signaling proteins in these networks require regulatory mechanisms to ensure proper molecular function. Two common regulatory features of signaling proteins are autoinhibition and ul...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate using tomographic study the thickness of the cranial board at the insertions points of the cranial halo pins in adults. METHODS This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) scans of adult patients' crania. The study included adults between 20 and 50 years without cranial abnormalities. We excluded any exam with cranial abnorm...

We describe a method of deriving PINs from passwords. The method is useful to obtain friction-free user onboarding to mobile platforms. It has significant business benefits to organizations that wish to introduce mobile apps to existing users – but which are reluctant to make the users authenticate with passwords. From the user’s perspective, a PIN is easier to enter than a password, and a deri...