PURPOSE To describe the assessment of the spatiotemporal distribution of relative aortic pressure quantifying the magnitude of its three major components. METHODS Nine healthy volunteers and three patients with aortic disease (bicuspid aortic valve, dissection, and Marfan syndrome) underwent 4D-flow CMR. Spatiotemporal pressure maps were computed from the CMR flow fields solving the pressure ...

Observational and modeling studies have revealed the relationships between convective–stratiform rain proportion and the vertical distributions of vertical motion, latent heating, and moistening in mesoscale convective systems. Therefore, remote sensing techniques that can be used to quantify the area coverage of convective or stratiform rainfall could provide useful information regarding the d...

due to its complexity and destructive nature, convection has been subject of many studies and researches among weather phenomena throughout the world. scientists have attempted for decades to generate different types of models to provide the possibility of abating or, at least, reducing convective weather phenomena effects on people’s lives. in south or southwest of iran, people are familiar wi...

The oscillation spectra of solar-type stars may in the not-too-distant future be used to constrain certain properties of the stars. The CD diagram of large versus small frequency separations is one of the powerful tools available to infer the properties – including perhaps masses and ages – of stars which display a detectable spectrum of oscillation. Also, the border of a convective region in a...

We use hydrodynamic simulations with adaptive grid refinement to study the dependence of hot gas flows in X-ray luminous giant elliptical galaxies on the efficiency of heat supply to the gas. We consider a number of potential heating mechanisms including Type Ia supernovae and sporadic nuclear activity of a central supermassive black hole. As a starting point for this research we use an equilib...

Mock Walker cells driven by weak sea surface temperature (SST) forcing are studied using planetary-scale cloud system–resolving simulations and a simplified framework that represents convection with its linear response functions and parameterizes the large-scale flow based on the gravity wave equation. For sinusoidal SST forcings of the same amplitude, as the horizontal domain size increases, t...

Properties of the transition to strong deep convection, as previously observed in satellite precipitation statistics, are analyzed using parcel stability computations and a convective plume velocity equation. A set of alternative entrainment assumptions yields very different characteristics of the deep convection onset boundary (here measured by conditional instability and plume vertical veloci...

In recent studies, the authors have successfully demonstrated the ability of an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), assimilating real radar observations, to produce skillful analyses and subsequent ensemble-based probabilistic forecasts for a tornadic mesoscale convective system (MCS) that occurred over Oklahoma and Texas on 9 May 2007. The current study expands upon this prior work, performing expe...

The development and production of high performance equipment necessitate the use of passive cooling technology. In this paper, heat transfer study of convective-radiative straight fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity under the influence of magnetic field is carried out using Legendre wavelet collocation method. The numerical solution is used to investigate the effects of magnetic...

BACKGROUND Hypothermia generates potentially severe complications in operating or recovery room. Forced air warmer is effective to maintain body temperature. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is harmful to human body and mainly produced by electronic equipment including convective air warming system. We investigated ELF-EMF from convective air warming device on various tem...