recent developments in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance and the ubiquity of metaphors in language. their effect has been instrumental in making significant headway into the pedagogical practice and design of teaching materials. the current study was carried out to explore the efficacy of focus-on-form (fonf) and focus-on-forms (fonfs) instructions on learning metaphorical l...

abstractacquiring vocabulary, as a significant and challenging part of language learning process, has always been consistent with reading. in this study, the researchers examined the effect of enhanced extensive reading on efl learners’ incidental acquisition of english vocabulary, with specific focus on phrasal verbs. twenty five homogenized participants were selected and divided into two grou...

First language acquisition requires relatively little effort compared to foreign language acquisition and happens more naturally through informal learning. Informal exposure can also benefit foreign language learning, although evidence for this has been limited to speech perception and production. An important question is whether informal exposure to spoken foreign language also leads to vocabu...

Negotiation, as an interactional strategy and proactive focus on form (FoF) have received increased attention in second language research. The combination of negotiation and proactive FoF, however, has not been examined in relation to L2 vocabulary learning. To address this gap, the present study investigated how the amount of negotiation and proactive FoF impacted learners’ vocabulary knowledg...

The present research aimed at investigating the interaction of the classroom talk to have a better understanding of the teachers’ practice teaching which can pave the way for reflection on teaching. The study benefitted from conversation analytic perspective to qualitatively and interpretively examine the classroom discourse of the teacher-learner interaction. The classroom talk was analyzed th...