Obesity is an inflammatory state associated with delayed lactogenesis stage II and altered mammary gland morphology. Serotonin mediates inflammation and mammary gland involution. The objective of this study was to determine if a genetic deficiency of tryptophan hydroxylase 1, the rate-limiting enzyme in peripheral serotonin synthesis, would result in an improved ability to lactate in dams fed a...

More and more research is done concerning nutritional programming. Human milk nutrients which are consumed by infants can influence their health in later life. High level of cholesterol in human milk paradoxically lowers the cholesterol concentration in blood in adults. During the course of human lactation the cholesterol concentration decreases from 31 mg/100cm(3) (colostrum) to 16 mg/100 cm(3...

The objectives of our study were to determine the effects altering dietary ratio palmitic (C16:0) and oleic (cis-9 C18:1) acids on production metabolic responses early-lactation dairy cows during immediate postpartum period evaluate carryover treatment diets early in lactation. Fifty-six multiparous used a randomized complete block design randomly assigned 1 4 treatments (14 per treatment) fed ...

Previous experiments have indicated that reproductive function in lean, modern genotypes may be more dependent on body protein mass than, as previously believed, on body lipid reserves. This was investigated in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, involving 60 first-parity sows, comparing three pregnancy feeding strategies and two lactation diets. During pregnancy, sows were fed either ...

2. In the Methods section, there is an error in the last sentence of the first paragrapgh under the heading “Animal Experiments.” The correct sentence is: (1) Control group (CON): females maintained on a purified control diet (D12450H, Research Diets, NJ, USA) ad-libitum throughout pregnancy and lactation; (2) CLA group (CLA, Stepan Lipid Nutrition, NJ, USA): females fed a purified control diet...

The Swedish dairy cow has almost doubled its annual milk yield over a few decades. This has simultaneously led to an increase in the dietary proportion of concentrate in order to meet the increased nutritional requirement of dairy cows. The proportion of forage is often below 50% of dry matter (DM) intake in conventional dairy production on an annual basis. However, the regulations for organic ...

BACKGROUND: Dairy cows undergo physiological changes during pregnancy and lactation and cardiovascular system may alter during these periods. OBJECTIVES: Understanding the physiological effects of production periods of dairy cows on heart electrical activities can aid to better monitoring the cardiovascular system in these animals. METHODS: Five multiparous Holstein dairy cows were studied from...

A regional experiment was conducted at 8 experiment stations, with a total of 320 sows initially, to evaluate the efficacy of adding 13.35% ground wheat straw to a corn-soybean meal gestation diet for 3 successive gestation-lactation (reproductive) cycles compared with sows fed a control diet without straw. A total of 708 litters were farrowed over 3 reproductive cycles. The basal gestation die...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the changes in muscle protein turnover involved in the rapid mobilization of protein in rats subjected to severe protein restriction during lactation. Estimates of mammary gland and liver protein synthesis were also made during lactation. Multiparous female Sprague-Dawley rats, caged individually following mating, were offered a high-protein diet ...

In mammals, phosphocalcic and bone metabolisms are mainly regulated by parathyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or calcitriol. In camels, circulating levels of calcitriol are 10 times higher than those determined in other ruminants and further increase during early lactation. Calcitriol and parathyroid-related peptide stimulate intestinal abs...