A 100 million ton crude oil purchases and sale contract signed between China Russia, the will pass through Kazakhstan flow along Alashankou-Dushanzi-Urumchi pipeline to western Region. As an important import channel, this paper analyzes current situation of puts forward some countermeasures. Both Russia are major exporters, with internal demand for exporting China. There is a huge gap domestic ...

abstract the present research accomplished to determination of the trade liberalization effects on import function of iran’s wheat crop using time series data from 1357 to 1387 that earn from sources such as agricultural and aerology statistics annual letter, customhouse and iran central bank website.in this investigation, at first, wheat liberalization index was measured by using level of inte...

this paper examines the short- and long-run effects of domestic research and development (r&d;) and foreign r&d; (throw the channels of capital goods import and foreign direct investment) on iranian economic growth using of endogenous growth models and bounds test approach to level relationship over the period of 1351-1386. bounds test approach results confirm the existence of long-run relation...

This paper offers new insights on a central question in trade and development economics: does increased exposure to foreign competition generate gains in plant productivity? We find that it does. We examine Colombian trade policy from 1977 to 1991, a period during which trade liberalization alternates with increased trade protection in varied ways across industries, to investigate the link betw...

BACKGROUND Soil/dust ingestion rates are important variables in assessing children's health risks in contaminated environments. Current estimates are based largely on soil tracer methodology, which is limited by analytical uncertainty, small sample size, and short study duration. OBJECTIVES The objective was to estimate site-specific soil/dust ingestion rates through reevaluation of the lead ...

This paper investigates the behaviour of Indian aggregate imports during the period 1971-1995. In our empirical analysis of the aggregate import demand function for India, cointegration and error correction modelling approaches have been used. In the aggregate import demand function for India, import volume is found to be cointegrated with relative import price and real GDP. Our econometric est...

We have previously shown that connexin 43 (Cx43) is present in mitochondria, that its genetic depletion abolishes the protection of ischemia- and diazoxide-induced preconditioning, and that it is involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in response to diazoxide. Here we investigated the intramitochondrial localization of Cx43, the mechanism of Cx43 translocation to mitochondria and t...

abstract this study uses gravity model to examine the most important determinants of was agricultural trade. to this aim, import and export statistics of iran agricultural products for the period 1380 to 1387 was provided from iran customs organization and other information was obtained from different internet bases. random effects estimating and hausman test ratio result in fixed effects model...