Filtration theory does not include the potential influence of pore structure on colloid removal by straining. Conversely, previous research on straining has not considered the possible influence of chemical interactions. Experimental and theoretical studies were therefore undertaken to explore the coupling of physical and chemical mechanisms of colloid straining under unfavorable attachment con...

AIM Evaluation of the wide range of normal findings in asymptomatic women undergoing dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) defecography. METHODS MR defecography of 10 healthy female volunteers (median age: 31 years) without previous pregnancies or history of surgery were evaluated. The rectum was filled with 180 mL gadolinium ultrasound gel mixture. MR defecography was performed in the supine posit...

BACKGROUND Constipation severity is often defined by symptoms including feelings of complete evacuation, straining, stool frequency and consistency. These descriptors are mostly obtained in the absence of laxative use. For many constipated patients laxative usage is ubiquitous and long standing. Our aim was to determine the impact of laxative use upon the stereotypic constipation descriptors. ...

Much attention has been directed recently to ultra-grain refining of metallic materials, where the grain size is reduced to less than 1 mm. It is expected that submicrometer grained structure would result in high strength and toughness at ambient temperature [1] as well as high strain rate or low temperature superplasticity at elevated temperatures [2,3]. It has been reported recently that ultr...

[1] Saturated soil column experiments were conducted to explore the influence of colloid size and soil grain size distribution characteristics on the transport and fate of colloid particles in saturated porous media. Stable monodispersed colloids and porous media that are negatively charged were employed in these studies. Effluent colloid concentration curves and the final spatial distribution ...

Planar straining and destraining of turbulence is an idealized form of turbulencemeanflow interaction that is representative of many complex engineering applications. This paper studies experimentally the response of turbulence subjected to a process involving planar straining, a brief relaxation and destraining. Subsequent analysis quantifies the impact of the applied distortions on model coef...