This research was sponsored by grant award number 2000-IJ-CX-0008 from the National Institute of Justice, U. S. Department of Justice. Points of view or opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not represent the official position of the National Institute of Justice or the U.S. Department of Justice. This document is not intended to create, does not create, and may not ...

The aims of this study were to describe illegal drug abuse patterns in relation to the migration process and use of drug treatment centers among immigrant injected drug users (IDUs) involved in harm reduction programs, and to compare the characteristics of immigrant and native IDUs. Cross-sectional study of 748 IDUs aged ≥18 years attending harm reduction centers between 2008 and 2009. We explo...

In 2013, illegal drug use was responsible for 1.8% of years of life lost in the European Union, alcohol was responsible for 8.2% and tobacco for 18.2%, imposing economic burdens in excess of 2.5% of GDP. No single European country has optimal governance structures for reducing the harm done by nicotine, illegal drugs and alcohol, and existing ones are poorly designed, fragmented, and sometimes ...

Users of e-cigarettes are unwitting volunteers participating in a worldwide epidemiological study. Because of the obvious benefits of e-cigarettes compared with traditional cigarette smoking, these electronic devices have been introduced all around the world to support tobacco smoking cessation. Same potential harm reduction could be considered by cannabis vaping for marijuana smokers. However,...

Globally, illicit drug policy is largely based on two central olicy objectives. The first is to reduce the demand for illegal rugs mainly through criminalisation, drug prevention and reatment, and the second is to reduce the supply of illegal rugs primarily through law enforcement initiatives (Health anada, 2005; National Research Council, 2002; Office of ational Drug Control Policy, 2006). Sup...

BACKGROUND Substance use among health care students threatens professional standards and the delivery of quality services, potentially placing the public at risk. Therefore, our study aims to determine the prevalence and correlates associated with substance use among Nepalese health care students. METHOD A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered health professional questionnaire was ...

BACKGROUND In 1948 the first National Film Board (NFB) documentary in Canada about illegal drugs, trafficking, and addiction was produced. The documentary is titled Drug Addict, and was directed by Robert Anderson. This paper provides a socio-historical context for the documentary Drug Addict. Viewing the film through the lens of Canadian history gives readers a better context to understand the...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pattern of use of opioid and other illegal drugs in patients seeking addiction treatment in Birjand, eastern Iran. METHODS The prospective study was conducted from March 21, 2009 to March 21,2010, and comprised all patients referred to the seven addiction treatment centres in Birjand. Data was obtained through pre-designed questionnaires and it was analysed using SPS...