the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation (fne) and communication strategies (css) among iranian efl learners. it was aimed to examine the differences in the use of communication strategies between speakers with high or low degree of fear of negative evaluation. the current study was a case study consisting of 10 english learners at...

به منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی جمعیت بز سرخ جبالبارز با استفاده از 8 نشانگر ریزماهواره، شامل BM1312، MAF64، ILSTS034، ILSTS059، OraFCB20، IL2RA، LSCV24 و LSCV11 مطالعه شد. نمونه خون از 100 راس بز سرخ جبالبارز از ده گله به صورت تصادفی گرفته شد و تخلیص DNA با استفاده از کیت DIATOM DNA PREP انجام گرفت. واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز برای این جایگاه‌ها انجام گرفت و تمامی هشت جایگاه مورد مطالعه از چند شکلی منا...

this study examined the effects of collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion on iranian high school students persuasive writing and attitudes. students in three intact classes were assigned to one of three treatment conditions: collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion or direct instruction in persuasion or a control group. treatment effects...

abstract recent studies suggest that prelistening activities play an important role in the development of listening comprehension (e.g. long 1990;chiang and dunkel 1992; schmidt-rinehart 1994; jensen and hansen 1995; robinson et al., 1995; buck, 1995; foster and skehan,1996; teng 1996; robinson, 2001; chang and read 2006). in line with previous studies and to shed light on a new aspect of sche...

in the present work, a simple and sensitive method was developed for determination of morphine and heroin using gold nanoparticles as resonance rayleigh scattering (rrs) and colorimetric technique’s probe. synthesized gold nanoparticles by sodium citrate reduction method have a negative charge layer on their surfaces because of self-assembled citrate anions on their surface. binding of morphin...

abstract following innovations in the field of elt, a new topic which has recently attracted a lot of attention is metaphor analysis. although this area of research is still in its infancy in elt, it seems that the idea can shed more light on the puzzle of english language learning and teaching. therefore, the major aim of this study is to analyze language learning and teaching in formal a...

plagiarism in esl/efl learning contexts has been established as a dynamic and multi-layered phenomenon and has become a topic engaging many researchers in a heated debate in recent years. comparisons of student-generated texts with their source texts have shown that students rely on source texts in their writings and copying is a major strategy used by both l1 and l2 writers. in our country a...

the present study sought to investigate the role of dynamic assessment (da) in improvement of iranian efl writing performance at different language proficiency levels. to this end, after conducting the quick placement test, 60 iranian efl learners were assigned to two groups with different language proficiency levels. in both groups each participant wrote two compositions, one before and one af...