For any reduced commutative $f$-ring with identity and bounded inversion, we show that a condition which is obviously necessary for the socle of the ring to coincide with the socle of its bounded part, is actually also sufficient. The condition is that every minimal ideal of the ring consist entirely of bounded elements. It is not too stringent, and is satisfied, for instance, by rings of ...

let r be a right gf-closed ring with finite left and right gorenstein global dimension. we prove that if i is an ideal of r such that r/i is a semi-simple ring, then the gorensntein flat dimensnion of r/i as a right r-module and the gorensntein injective dimensnnion of r/i as a left r-module are identical. in particular, we show that for a simple module s over a commutative gorensntein ring r, ...

For a commutative ring R, we can form the zero-divisor graph Γ(R) or the ideal-divisor graph ΓI(R) with respect to an ideal I of R. We consider the diameters of direct products of zero-divisor and ideal-divisor graphs.

Let $R$ be a commutative ring and let $M$ be an $R$-module. We define the small intersection graph $G(M)$ of $M$ with all non-small proper submodules of $M$ as vertices and two distinct vertices $N, K$ are adjacent if and only if $Ncap K$ is a non-small submodule of $M$. In this article, we investigate the interplay between the graph-theoretic properties of $G(M)$ and algebraic properties of $M...

Let $G$ be a group with identity $e$ and $R$ be a commutative $G$-graded ring with nonzero unity $1$. In this article, we introduce the concept of graded $r$-ideals. A proper graded ideal $P$ of a graded ring $R$ is said to be graded $r$-ideal if whenever $a, bin h(R)$ such that $abin P$ and $Ann(a)={0}$, then $bin P$. We study and investigate the behavior of graded $r$-ideals to introduce ...

Let R be a commutative ring with $Z(R)$ its set of zero-divisors. In this paper, we study the total graph of $R$, denoted by $T(Gamma(R))$. It is the (undirected) graph with all elements of R as vertices, and for distinct $x, yin R$, the vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if $x + yinZ(R)$. We study the chromatic number and edge connectivity of this graph.

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $M$ be a unitary $R$-module. An $R$-module $M$ is called a multiplication module if for every submodule $N$ of $M$ there exists an ideal $I$ of $R$ such that $N = IM$. It is shown that over a Noetherian domain $R$ with dim$(R)leq 1$, multiplication modules are precisely cyclic or isomorphic to an invertible ideal of $R$. Moreover, we give a charac...

By the Von Neumann regular graph of R, we mean the graph that its vertices are all elements of R such that there is an edge between vertices x,y if and only if x+y is a von Neumann regular element of R, denoted by G_Vnr (R). For a commutative ring R with unity, x in R is called Von Neumann regular if there exists x in R such that a=a2 x. We denote the set of Von Neumann regular elements by V nr...

for an arbitrary ring $r$, the zero-divisor graph of $r$, denoted by $gamma (r)$, is an undirected simple graph that its vertices are all nonzero zero-divisors of $r$ in which any two vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if either $xy=0$ or $yx=0$. it is well-known that for any commutative ring $r$, $gamma (r) cong gamma (t(r))$ where $t(r)$ is the (total) quotient ring of $r$. in this...