BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can lead to ischemic white matter injury resulting in vascular dementia. To characterize white matter injury in vascular dementia, we investigated disintegration of diverse white matter components using a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. METHODS Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion was modeled in Wistar rats by permanent occlusion of...

Because cerebral hypoperfusion brings damage to the brain, prevention of cerebrovascular diseases correlative to hypoperfusion by studying animal models makes great sense. Since complicated cerebrovascular adaptive changes in hypoperfusion could not be revealed only by cerebral blood flow (CBF) velocity imaging, we performed multi-parameter imaging by combining laser speckle imaging and functio...

The activation of platelets and the formation of neutrophil- platelet conjugates may lead to the development of thromboemboli. We studied whether blockade of adenosine receptors during coronary hypoperfusion may cause thromboemboli via P-selectin-dependent mechanisms in 30 open-chest dogs. When coronary blood flow was reduced to 20% of the control, it was stable at low levels with increases in ...

Background Brainstem hypoperfusion may evoke systemic hypertension as a mechanism to boost cerebral blood flow: the selfish brain hypothesis. This notion is supported by evidence of vertebral artery hypoplasia (VAH) in hypertensive rat models. We determined the prevalence of anatomical variations of posterior cerebral circulation which could predispose to brainstem hypoperfusion in a hypertensi...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebrovascular white matter (WM) lesions contribute to cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction in the elderly. A disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is believed to be a critical early event leading to these WM lesions. Previous studies have suggested the involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in BBB disruptions and the upregulation of MMP-2 after ch...

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a state of extreme hypoperfusion owing to pump failure manifested by altered mental status, cool extremities, and/or renal failure. This hypoperfusion leads to release of catecholamines and other inflammatory mediators, which further perpetuates myocardial ischemia and injury, resulting in additional impairment in systemic and tissue perfusion. Any cause of acute sever...

Because hepatic hypoperfusion induced by laparoscopy has been underestimated, the aim of this article is to review the numerous factors influencing hepatosplanchnic blood flow during laparoscopy and to alert clinicians to the adverse consequences of hepatic hypoperfusion in high risk patients undergoing this procedure.

Behavioural impairment post-stroke is a consequence of structural damage and altered functional network dynamics. Hypoperfusion of intact neural tissue is frequently observed in acute stroke, indicating reduced functional capacity of regions outside the lesion. However, cerebral blood flow (CBF) is rarely investigated in chronic stroke. This study investigated CBF in individuals with chronic We...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The presence of early x-ray hypoattenuation is an important selection criterion for thrombolytic therapy. However, knowledge about the pathophysiological constellation reflected by this hypoattenuation is lacking. Our objective was to study the relationship between the presence of early CT hypoattenuation and the volumes of critical cortical hypoperfusion. METHODS In 32...

BACKGROUND Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a behavioural syndrome caused by degeneration of the frontal and anterior temporal lobes. Behavioural disturbances include psychiatric features. Whether patients with FTD present with psychiatric features varies with the initial neuroanatomical variability of FTD. OBJECTIVE To identify presenting psychiatric changes not part of diagnostic criteria o...