We have compared the hypnotic requirements for i.v. propofol when combined with i.m. lignocaine or bupivacaine. Ninety women (ASA I, II) undergoing minor gynaecological surgery were allocated randomly to one of nine groups of 10 patients to receive propofol combined with i.m. lignocaine, bupivacaine or saline, respectively. Propofol was administered in bolus doses of 0.2 mg kg-1 every 30 s unti...

BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that response expectancies are an important mechanism of popular psychological interventions for pain. However, there has been no research on whether response expectancies and treatment credibility independently mediate hypnotic and cognitive-behavioral pain interventions and whether the pattern of mediation is affected by experience with the interventions....

background: coriandrum sativum l. has been recommended for relief of insomnia in iranian traditional medicine. however, no pharmacological studies have yet evaluated its sedative effects. the aim of this study was to determine if extracts and essential oil of coriander seeds have sedative-hypnotic activity.   methods: the aqueous or hydro-alcoholic extracts or essential oil of coriander seeds (...

This study examined whether trait empathy is related to hypnotic ability and absorption. Sixty-four graduate students and mental health professionals completed the Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility, Form A; the Davis Interpersonal Reactivity Index; and the Tellegen Absorption Scale as measures of hypnotic ability, empathy, and absorption. Correlation analysis determined that statis...

Forming implementation intentions has been consistently shown to be a powerful self-regulatory strategy. As the self-regulation of thoughts is important for the experience of involuntariness in the hypnotic context, investigating the effectiveness of implementation intentions on the suppression of thoughts was the focus of the present study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four co...

In his commentary, MacLeod (2011) presents a rich testing ground for elucidating how suggestion may operationalize attention. The effects of posthypnotic suggestions on Stroop performance raise theoretical questions regarding the nature of the underlying mechanisms. Beyond the methodological designs outlined by MacLeod, one way to address these questions is to examine data from embedded Stroop ...

In this article, hypnotic responsiveness is conceptualized as the byproduct of hypnotic ability, which is largely unalterable, plus hypnotic participation, which is highly subject to manipulation in the therapeutic context. This framework constitutes the basis of a model for the conversational assessment of hypnotic ability and hypnotic participation, as well as the subsequent tailoring of ther...

We evaluate the sedative and hypnotic activities of the methanolic and aqueous extract of Lavandula officinalis L. on central nervous system (CNS). In this study, the effect of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of this plant was investigated in a battery of behavioural models in mice. Stems and flowers of Lavandula officinalis L. have several therapeutic applications in folk medicine in curin...

BACKGROUND Physostigmine, a centrally acting anticholinesterase, antagonizes the hypnotic effect of propofol, as shown by the return of consciousness (response to commands) or wakefulness (spontaneous eye-opening without response to commands) and by recovery of auditory evoked potentials (40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR)) and the bispectral index (BIS). We measured the effects of phy...

All that Kirsch and colleagues are harping on is that a formal hypnotic induction is not needed to elicit hypnotic response among hypnotizable people. That is why results are often comparable when hypnotic suggestions are given with and without a formal induction. Furthermore, many of the so-called ‘nonstate’ studies do not take hypnotizability into account. Differences of any kind, with or wit...