cognitive impairment may be a common even at the onset of multiple sclerosis (ms). in this case-control study, we tried to find out the probable relationship between homocysteine levels and cerebral atrophy or cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis. one hundred fifty six patients who had ms according to mcdonald diagnostic criteria were included in this study. patients’ age, g...

An elevated circulating concentration of the sulfurcontaining amino acid homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia, produces complex changes within the blood vessel wall. In the peripheral circulation, these changes include oxidative stress, proinflammatory effects such as expression of tumor necrosis factorand inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), and endothelial dysfunction.1–6 Hyperhomocyste...

To the Editor: Both chronic infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and hyperhomocysteinemia are assumed to increase the atherosclerotic risk (1, 2). Recently, we reported that C. pneumoniae seropositivity is linked with hyperhomocysteinemia in male patients suffering from established atherosclerosis (3 ). However, the nature of the relationship between the two risk factors is still elusive. To fur...

Vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia are common in tropical developing countries. In prevalence study, among Indian population by Yajnik and colleagues, 67% of men had low vitamin B12 concentration and 58% had hyperhomocysteinemia [1]. Here, we report two patients with vitamin B12 deficiency presented with symptoms of schizophrenia and required very high doses of antipsychotic medica...

Among various cardiovascular risk factors, hyperhomocysteinemia has recently emerged as an important one. While there are currently no doubts on the relationship between severe hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular disease, some uncertainty still persists on the relationship between mild hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular disease. Several group B vitamins, namely vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folate,...

Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid derived from the metabolism of methionine, an essential amino acid, and is metabolized by one of two pathways: remethylation or transsulfuration. Abnormalities of these pathways lead to hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia is observed in approximately 5% of the general population and is associated with an increased risk for many disorders, in...

In older adults, mildly elevated plasma total homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, cerebrovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease, but it is uncertain whether this is due to underlying metabolic, neurotoxic, or vascular processes. We report here that feeding male C57BL6/J mice a B-vitamin-deficient diet for 10 weeks induced hyperhomocy...

Alcohol has complex direct effects on homocysteine metabolism, which are incompletely understood, and indirect effects mediated by interactions with vitamin metabolism and other factors. Both transmethylation and transsulfuration pathways are affected. Alcohol abuse is a common cause of hyperhomocysteinemia that often fluctuates and is sometimes severe. The causative role of alcohol in hyperhom...