BACKGROUND CONTEXT The hyoid bone is used as a landmark in anterior upper cervical spine operations and is supposed to represent the level of C3 body. However, this correspondence between hyoid bone position and cervical level is not static and changes during surgery (extension after anesthesia). PURPOSE To find the cervical level corresponding to the position of hyoid bone before and after a...

Although chewing has been suggested to be a basal gnathostome trait retained in most major vertebrate lineages, it has not been studied broadly and comparatively across vertebrates. To redress this imbalance, we recorded EMG from muscles powering anteroposterior movement of the hyoid, and dorsoventral movement of the mandibular jaw during chewing. We compared muscle activity patterns (MAP) duri...

The human hyoid bone supports the base of the tongue and is involved in breathing, chewing, and swallowing as well as in the muscle movements associated with articulation. Accordingly it plays an important bone for a human to live. It is a very interesting organ also in multiple special area, including anatomy, mastication, swallowing, articulation, and also forensic medicine. In the morphologi...

The human hyoid moves continuously in feeding, facilitating movements of the tongue surface and the processing and transport of food. The hypothesis that similar hyoid movements support tongue movements in speech was tested in 10 normal young adults of both sexes, who were recorded with lateral-projection videofluorography when feeding on hard and soft foods and when reading the 'Grandfather Pa...

This study examines the morphology of the hyoid in three closely related species, Homo sapiens, Pan troglodytes, and Gorilla gorilla. Differences and similarities between the hyoids of these species are characterized and used to interpret the morphology and affi nities of the Dikika A. afarensis, Kebara 2 Neanderthal, and other fossil hominin hyoid bones. Humans and African apes are found to ha...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Aspiration, the passage of a bolus below the vocal folds, increases morbidity and mortality in the elderly by increasing the risk of aspiration pneumonia and other conditions. We hypothesized that altered position of the hyoid bone associated with aging may negatively affect airway protection during swallowing (i.e., aspiration) in older adults. STUDY DESIGN Retrospectiv...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the usefulness of ultrasonographic measurement of hyoid bone movement during swallowing. METHODS Fifty-two patients who had swallowing dysfunction were enrolled in this study. When a patient swallowed 5 mL of water while maintaining an upright sitting position, hyoid bone movement during swallowing was measured with ultrasonography. Recorded images were analyzed to me...

In 1981 Bibby and Preston commented on the uniqueness of the anatomic relationships of the hyoid bone, notably that it was not fixed in space by bony articulations. This fact alone makes it a potential indicator of certain individual features of importance in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment. This study investigates the effect of mouth breathing and tongue-thrusting on the hyoid bone positio...

Musculoskeletal injuries are exceedingly common in American football because of the contact-and-collision nature of the sport. More than 350,000 injuries are documented in the >1 million high school athletes participating in American football annually. Injuries to the neck are largely uncommon, composing only *6% of the injury total; however, if they are not properly diagnosed and treated, they...