S. A. Carter, ' T. F. Rosenbaum, 3. M. Honig, and 3. Spalek "The James Franck Institute and Department of Chemistry, The Unicersity of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 'T-he James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 "'Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 ' 'Department of Physics, Purdue University, W...

We demonstrate for the first time a new mechanical annealing method that can significantly improve the structural quality of self-assembled nanoparticle arrays by eliminating defects at room temperature. Using in situ high-pressure small-angle X-ray scattering, we show that deformation of nanoparticle assembly in the presence of gigapascal level stress rebalances interparticle forces within nan...

Fish must orient in three dimensions as they navigate through space, but it is unknown whether they are assisted by a sense of depth. In principle, depth can be estimated directly from hydrostatic pressure, but although teleost fish are exquisitely sensitive to changes in pressure, they appear unable to measure absolute pressure. Teleosts sense changes in pressure via changes in the volume of t...

The exposure conditions which produce hind limb paralysis in 10%, 50%, and 90% of mouse neonate specimens exposed to 1-MHz ultrasound at 10 ø C and at 1and 16-atm hydrostatic pressure were determined for the intensity range 86-289 W/cm 2. The change in the exposure duration for 50% of the specimens paralyzed resulting from pressurization to 16 atm was negligible at 86 and 144 W/em 2 but was alm...

Recently, anomalous scaling properties of front broadening during spontaneous imbibition of water in Vycor glass, a nanoporous medium, were reported: the mean height and the width of the propagating front increase with time t both proportional to t(1/2). Here, we propose a simple lattice imbibition model and elucidate quantitatively how the correlation range of the hydrostatic pressure and the ...

background:   objective: this study was designed to examine the effects of hp on in-vitro maturation of oocytes and cell death in cumulus cells derived from vitrified-warmed mouse ovaries.   materials and methods: preovulatory follicles were harvested from non-vitrified and vitrified-warmed 6-8 week-old female nmri mouse ovaries and randomly assigned to following groups: non-vitrified (control)...

This work aims at optimizing sludge pretreatment by non-isothermal sonication, varying frequency, US power (PUS) and intensity (IUS varied through probe size), as well as hydrostatic pressure and operation mode (continuous vs. sequential - or pulsed - process). Under non isothermal sonication sludge solubilization results from both ultrasound disintegration and thermal hydrolysis which are conv...

The influence of stabilizing hydrostatic pressure gradients on the drainage of a fractal porous medium is studied. The invasion process is treated with invasion percolation (IP) in a gradient. Fractality is mimicked by randomly closing bonds of a network. Two length scales govern the problem: the characteristic length of the pore structure xi(s) and a length scale xi(g) above which buoyancy det...

Cells of the terrestrial plant species bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) are not naturally adapted to withstand the hydrostatic pressures encountered in aquatic environments. However, after treatment with the natural plant growth hormone abscisic acid (75 micromolar), bromegrass cells survived a hydrostatic pressure of 101.3 megapascals, approximating the limits of ocean depth (10,860 m). The incr...