We study deep level defects at the Si/SiO2 interface of 30nm and 5nm SiO2 PMOS devices after negative bias temperature stress (NBTS). Electrical characterization using the direct-current current-voltage (DCIV) technique reveals two defects with different energy levels, recovery and degradation dynamics. To investigate their micro-physical nature, we perform spin dependent recombination (SDR). B...

Toughness and self-healing properties are desirable characteristics in engineered hydrogels used for many practical applications. However, it is still challenging to develop hydrogels exhibiting both of these attractive properties in a single material. In this work, we present the fabrication of fully physically-linked Agar/PAAc-Fe3+ DN gels. These hydrogels exhibited dual physical crosslinking...

Hydrogen gas production from cellulose was investigated using an integrated hydrogen production process consisting of a dark fermentation reactor and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as power sources for a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Two MFCs (each 25 mL) connected in series to an MEC (72 mL) produced a maximum of 0.43 V using fermentation effluent as a feed, achieving a hydrogen production r...

Hydrogen gas can be produced by electrohydrogenesis in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) at greater yields than fermentation and at greater energy efficiencies than water electrolysis. It has been assumed that a membrane is needed in an MEC to avoid hydrogen losses due to bacterial consumption of the product gas. However, high cathodic hydrogen recoveries (78 +/- 1% to 96 +/- 1%) were achieve...

The presence of microorganisms could alter the porous medium permeability, which is vital for several applications, including aquifer storage and recovery (ASR), enhanced oil (EOR) underground hydrogen storage.