Abstract Electricity consumption will more than treble by 2050. Despite its enormous potential as an environmentally benign power generation technology, solar energy only accounts for a small portion of worldwide demand. One the issues is sustainable use land resources. Energy technology popular engineering discipline that deals with study conventional and unconventional sources in today’s worl...

With the increasing reduction of fossil fuel supplies, it is predicted that world would run out energy resources within next few decades attributed to depletion fuels. Renewable sources generate electricity with minimal contribution CO2 or other greenhouse gases atmosphere. Solar, wind, hydroelectricity, and biomass are most common kinds sustainable sources, all them have enormous prospects hel...

As recent events have shown, global heating is increasing the risk to many sectors of society, from agriculture built environment, transportation. The energy security most systems, regardless their size, also at effects heating: reliable supply power end users can be threatened by extreme weather affecting transformers and transmission distribution networks. It a threat generators that are vuln...

It is located 650m above sea level along the boundary between the North Caribbean and Pacific slopes, near the Southern end of the volcanic Guanacaste mountain range. In the early 1980s the lake's main outlet was dammed and the outflow was diverted into Arenal Reservoir. Lake Cote was first studied in 1990-1991, and later in 2001, before it was again modified by raising its dam by one meter to ...

Management of the eel fisheries of the River Shannon, Ireland’s largest river system, has involved van ous stock enhancement measures since 1959. Declining natural recruitmenr levels have limited the effecriveness of stocking programmes for nearly two decades. Observations on declining yellow eel stocks in several major lakes have been supported by the results of studies undertaken annually on ...

Electricity production is a challenging issue when it comes to mitigating greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions without risking development goals. Non-renewable energy sources, as fossil fuel burning, account for most of the global energy production (68% in 2007) and are responsible for most of the anthropogenic GHG emissions to the atmosphere (40%, International Panel on Climate Change IPCC, 2007)....

Increasing the proportion of renewable capacity in the national energy mix may give rise to a range of economic costs. This paper considers the nature of water use in hydroelectric generation in Scotland. Hydroelectric generation is currently the highest volumetric use of water in Scotland. After calculating this volume, the paper considers the nature of some of the non-priced costs associated ...

Abstract: Solar, wind and other renewable energy sources are becoming an important part of energy supply to the power grid. Integrating a Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) with renewable energy sources can make these intermittent renewable energy sources more dispatchable. The HESS will play a vital and large role in renewable energy based 3-phase 4-wire grid connected electrical power infra...