Despite its local and regional importance, hydrometeorological data on the Sudd (one of Africa’s largest wetlands) is very scanty. This is due to the physical and political situation of this area of Sudan. The areal size of the wetland, the evaporation rate, and the influence on the micro and meso climate are still unresolved questions of the Sudd hydrology. The evaporation flux from the Sudd w...

Floods are the main natural disaster in Brazil, causing substantial economic damage and loss of life. Studies suggest that some extreme floods result from a causal climate chain. Exceptional rain and floods are determined by large-scale anomalies and persistent patterns in the atmospheric and oceanic circulations, which influence the magnitude, extent, and duration of these extremes. Moreover, ...

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to assess the implications of long-term climate trends for the hydroclimatology of the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW) in the Owyhee Mountains, Idaho of the Intermountain West over a 40year period (1967-2006). Calibration and validation of the macroscale hydrology model in this highly monitored watershed is key to address the...

Vibrio cholerae is an estuarine bacterium associated with a single peak of cholera (March-May) in coastal villages of Bangladesh. For an unknown reason, however, cholera occurs in a unique dual peak (March-May and September-November) pattern in the city of Dhaka that is bordered by a heavily polluted freshwater river system and flood embankment. In August 2007, extreme flooding was accompanied ...

A multivariate, principal-component based index has been developed to quantify the severity of droughts. Named the Aggregate Drought Index (ADI), it describes the meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural aspects of drought on a climate-divisional basis, using fluctuations in the values of five variables associated with the hydrologic cycle and available water: precipitation, evaporation, ...