production of highly viscous tar sand bitumen using steam assisted gravity drainage (sagd) with a pair of horizontal wells has advantages over conventional steam flooding. this paper explores the use of artificial neural networks (anns) as an alternative to the traditional sagd simulation approach. feed forward, multi-layered neural network meta-models are trained through the back-error-propaga...

The main contributions of this paper are the development of a forward-looking hybrid vehicle simulation tool, and its application to the design of a power management control algorithm. The hybrid electric vehicle simulation tool (HE-VESIM) was developed at the Automotive Research Center of the University of Michigan to study the potential fuel economy and emission benefits of the parallel hybri...

introduction : due to the importance of laser light penetration and propagation in biological tissues, many researchers have proposed several numerical methods such as monte carlo, finite element and green function methods. among them, the monte carlo method is an accurate method which can be applied for different tissues. however, because of its statistical nature, monte carlo simulation requi...

Traditional verification by simulation has proven to be less effective given more complex and modern designs. Many recently developed formal techniques, although powerful, suffer from an inability to scale with design size. Hybrid techniques attempt to combine formal verification with simulation to overcome these inherent difficulties. This survey seeks to provide an introductory overview of cu...

Due to the heterogeneity of many real biochemical systems, stochastic simulation methods do not scale well as systems become more complex and larger, whereas approximations provided by continuous models fail to capture the stochastic behavior of molecular species at very low numbers. A hybrid simulation method is a natural idea to resolve this dilemma. In this paper, we propose a novel notion o...

The complexity of systems and their multi-faceted relationships mean that the combined application of simulation methods, or hybrid simulation, will enable synergies across techniques and will provide greater insights to problem solving. In this paper we present a hybrid simulation case study in which two models have been developed; an Agent-Based Simulation (ABS) and a Discrete-Event Simulatio...

Hybrid power systems, formed by combining high-energy-density batteries and high-power-density ultracapacitors in appropriate ways, provide high-performance and high-efficiency power systems for electric vehicle applications. This paper first establishes dynamic models for the ultracapacitor, the battery and a passive hybrid power system, and then based on the dynamic models a comparative simul...

An online optimization method was proposed in this paper to improve the accuracy of numerical–experimental hybrid simulations of bridges subjected to earthquake forces. The online optimization method aims to solve the problem induced by the inconsistency of the multiple identical bridge piers where only one or a few of them are simulated experimentally by physical specimens, while the others ar...

This paper extends the use of quantization–based integration methods to the simulation of hybrid systems. Using the fact that these methods approximate ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and differential algebraic equations (DAEs) by discrete event systems, it is shown how hybrid systems can be approximated by pure discrete event simulation models. In this way, the treatment and detection o...

Continuous action systems (CAS) is a formalism intended for modeling hybrid systems (systems that combine discrete control with continuous behavior), and proving properties about the model within refinement calculus. In this paper we use a symbolic manipulation program to build a tool for simulating CAS models by calculating symbolically the time evolution of the discrete and continuous CAS mod...