1Department of Quality of Life, Spirituality, and Coping, Center of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Healthy, Witten/Herdecke University, 58313 Witten, Germany 2Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA 3Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin and Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology & Health...

We have first demonstrated that Debreu’s view regarding the publication of The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior by von Neumann and Morgenstern in 1944 as the birth of modern mathematical economics is not convincing. In this paper, we have proposed the hypothesis that the coordinated research programs in the 1930’s, initiated by the Econometric Society and the Cowles Commission for Research...

The relationship between Austrian economics and behavioral economics is a complex and multifaceted one. On the one hand, behavioral economics rejects the positive claims of modern, standard neoclassical economics and yet accepts its normative standards. Thus behavioral economics is itself a hybrid; it is part psychological economics and part neoclassical economics. Furthermore, many behavioral ...

In 1993 the Victorian Government introduced casemix funding as part of its restructure of the public hospital system. Casemix funding provides a new basis for government funding according to outcomes. At the same time, restructure of hospitals allows for a reconsideration of who is eligible to use them. Historical research into the growth of the public hospital system in Melbourne shows that at...

undoubtly, land degradation causes apparent decrease of natural resources potential which are highly linked to desertification. different countries and also international organization have realized a great number of projects to combat desertification. unfortunately these projects have not reach to their goals. the experiences shows that the reason of these unsuccessful works is lack of consider...