The visual systems in primates are organized around orientation with a rich set of long-range horizontal connections. We abstract this from a differential-geometric perspective, and introduce the covariant derivative of frame fields as a general framework for early vision. This paper overviews our research showing how curve detection, texture, shading, color (hue), and stereo can be unified wit...

One of the most crucial techniques associated with computer vision is technology that deals with the automatic estimation of gaze orientation. In this paper, a method is proposed to estimate horizontal gaze orientation from a monocular camera image using parameters of an Active Appearance Model (AAM) based on linear regression or non-linear regression. The proposed method can estimate horizonta...

In order to understand how processing occurs within the effective field of vision (i.e. perceptual span) during visual target localization, a gaze-contingent moving mask procedure was used to disrupt parafoveal information pickup along the vertical and the horizontal visual fields. When the mask was present within the horizontal visual field, there was a relative increase in saccade probability...

BACKGROUND Voluntary nystagmus has been recognized as a pendular, rapid, conjugate, primarily horizontal, benign eye movement initiated and maintained by voluntary effort. CASE A 10-year-old Japanese girl presented with voluntary nystagmus associated with accommodation spasms. Her chief complaints, intermittent blurred vision, headache, and soreness of the eyes, were thought to be related to ...

Orientation bandwidths of cyclopean channels were estimated using a notched noise technique. Observers were presented with random dot stereograms depicting a horizontal or vertical target sinusoidal depth modulation and a mask consisting of sinusoidal depth modulations whose orientations flanked that of the target. Masking reduced as the orientation difference between signal and mask increased....

A trade-off between the sensory modalities of vision and hearing is likely to have occurred in echolocating bats as the sophisticated mechanism of laryngeal echolocation requires considerable neural processing and has reduced the reliance of echolocating bats on vision for perceiving the environment. If such a trade-off exists, it is reasonable to hypothesize that some genes involved in visual ...

PURPOSE To compare the sensitivity of hyperacuity of patients with cyclovertical deviation with that of subjects with normal vision. METHODS The sensitivity of hyperacuity was measured in 42 volunteers with normal vision and in 12 patients with cyclovertical deviation, using a newly developed computerized device that randomly presents two opposing targets at vertical or at horizontal directio...

The matching of corresponding points is the foundation of image-based 3D reconstruction. As coaxial vehicle-based images as concerned, however, since they are taken along the optical axis epipolar lines of coaxial stereo pair are arranged in the direction of radial in stead of nearly horizontal arrangement of stereo pair with horizontal baseline. Therefore, the generation of epipolar images and...