This review addresses the possible ecological effects of transgenic plants on micro-organisms in the field, hence, in the phytosphere and in the soil matrix. The important steps involved in the interaction between plant DNA and bacteria and the factors that influence the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) process will be discussed. HGT is a process in which two partners are involved, even if indire...

Due to the changes in the composition and processing of acrylic resins, it seems appropriate to evaluate the influence of polymerization methods about the alteration of occlusal vertical dimension and the horizontal positioning of artificial teeth of total dentures. For this, 64 specimens were made, simulating a maxillary total denture waxed from a standard maxillary denture. The experimental s...

ln this paper we present algebraic high-level nets: a combination of algebraic specifications and Pctri nets. Algebraic specifications are used to specify the data.-structure and Petri nets to specify the data.-O.ow. This combination is a very powerful description technique. Moreover we introduce net transformations, net fusions and net unions as structuring techniques. Fusions and unions can b...

In the classical Projection-based Model for cardinal directions [6], a two-dimensional Euclidean space relative to an arbitrary single-piece region, a, is partitioned into the following nine tiles: North-West, NW(a); North, N(a); North-East, NE(a); West, W(a); Neutral Zone, O(a);East, E(a); South-West, SW(a); South, S(a); and South-East,SE(a). In our Horizontal and Vertical Constraints Model [9...

UNLABELLED Conjugation in bacteria is the contact-dependent transfer of DNA from one cell to another via donor-encoded conjugation machinery. It is a major type of horizontal gene transfer between bacteria. Conjugation of the integrative and conjugative element ICEBs1 into Bacillus subtilis is affected by the composition of phospholipids in the cell membranes of the donor and recipient. We foun...

Different ethnic groups have evolved distinctive cultural models which guide their interactions with the environment, including their agroecosystems. Although it is probable that variations in the structures of homegardens among separate ethnic groups reflect differences in the cultural models of the farmers, empirical support for this assumption is limited. In this paper the modal horizontal s...

Linear bicategories are a generalization of bicategories, in which the one horizontal composition is replaced by two (linked) horizontal compositions. These compositions provide a semantic model for the tensor and par of linear logic: in particular, as composition is fundamentally noncommutative, they provide a suggestive source of models for noncommutative linear logic. In a linear bicategory,...

In our previous papers [Kor and Bennett, 2003; 2010], we have shown how the nine tiles in the projection-based model for cardinal directions can be partitioned into sets based on horizontal and vertical constraints (called Horizontal and Vertical Constraints Model). In order to come up with an expressive hybrid model for direction relations between two-dimensional singlepiece regions (without h...

The cellular composition of the inner nuclear layer (INL) is largely conserved among mammals. Studies of rabbit, monkey, and mouse retinas have shown that bipolar, amacrine, Müller, and horizontal cells make up constant fractions of the INL (42, 35, 20, and 3%, respectively); these proportions remain relatively constant at all retinal eccentricities. The purpose of our study was to test whether...

The presence of large densities of the piston-pumping polychaete Lanice conchilega can have important consequences for the functioning of marine sediments. It is considered both an allogenic and an autogenic ecosystem engineer, affecting spatial and temporal biogeochemical gradients (oxygen concentrations, oxygen penetration depth and nutrient concentrations) and physical properties (grain size...