This paper investigates Bayesian estimation for Gaussian Markov random elds. In particular, a new class of inhomogeneous model is proposed. This inhomogeneous model uses a Markov random eld to describe spatial variation of the smoothing parameter in a second random eld which describes the spatial variation in the observed intensity image. The coupled Markov random elds will be used as prior dis...

In the defect-mediated electroweak baryogenesis scenario, baryons are produced in well separated regions of space. It is shown that between the electroweak phase transition at a temperature of T ∼ 100GeV and the end of nucleosynthesis at T ∼ 1KeV the baryon inhomogeneities dissipate, and that no constraints on defect-mediated electroweak baryogenesis can be derived from considerations of inhomo...

For many years the three-dimensional (3D) ion imaging technique has not benefited from the introduction of ion optics into the field of imaging in molecular dynamics. Thus, a lower resolution of kinetic energy as in comparable techniques making use of inhomogeneous electric fields was inevitable. This was basically due to the fact that a homogeneous electric field was needed in order to obtain ...

*Correspondence: Colin J. R. Sheppard, Department of Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy e-mail: [email protected] We review Fourier methods used in the disciplines of electromagnetism and signal processing, with a view to reconciling differences in approach. In particular, Fourier methods well known in signal processing are applied to three-...

Homogeneous nucleation of a vapor in the presence of the loss of clusters by diffusion and thermophoretic drift is investigated. Analytical results are obtained for the cluster size distribution and the rate of nucleation by solving the modified kinetic equation for nucleation. The implications of cluster loss by diffusion and phoretic drift on the onset of the homogeneous nucleation of silicon...

We develop a theory of fluctuations for Brownian systems with weak long-range interactions. For these systems, there exists a critical point separating a homogeneous phase from an inhomogeneous phase. Starting from the stochastic Smoluchowski equation governing the evolution of the fluctuating density field of the Brownian particles, we determine the expression of the correlation function of th...

We present a theoretical and experimental study of the line shape of resonant four-wave mixing induced by broad-bandwidth laser radiation that revises the theory of Meacher, Smith, Ewart, and Cooper ~MSEC! @Phys. Rev. A 46, 2718 ~1992!#. We adopt the same method as MSEC but correct for an invalid integral used to average over the distribution of atomic velocities. The revised theory predicts a ...

SUMMARY Using a detailed line-by-line, multiple-scattering solar radiative-transfer model, the influences due to cloud internal inhomogeneity in the vertical upon the solar radiative transfer are investigated. In particular, the consequences due to non-uniform vertical profiles of liquid water and droplet sizes within low clouds are explored in a systematic manner. The fine structure of the spe...