Abstract Forty Holstein bull calves were fed 1 of 3 starch-based milk replacers for either 10 or 35 days to determine responses in organ mass and small intestinal length. Calves (87.2 ± 7.7 kg) bottle-fed a cornstarch-based replacer (727 g cornstarch daily) alone, with added casein (154.7 g/d) glutamate (45.5 d. Prior receiving treatments commercial 12 15 weeks so that measures length collected...

abstract background: sp-a and sp-d are hydrophilic proteins which regulate the inflammatory response of the lung. pasteurella multocida is one of the most common bacteria isolated from calves suffering from shipping fever pneumonia, one of the most problems in dairy herds. objective: evaluation of surfactant content may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for detection of calf pneumonia due to p...

Newborn Holstein bull calves (n = 32) were assigned to receive a colostrum supplement (CS) containing defibrinated bovine plasma or a colostrum replacer (CR) containing an immunoglobulin concentrate obtained by concentrating the immunoglobulin (Ig)G fraction of bovine plasma. The CS and CR contained 11.1 and 21.2% of dry matter as IgG, respectively. Each animal was fed two 454-g feedings at 1 a...

To observe the effects of supplemental dietary d-α-tocopherol in relation to dietary energy on growth and immune status in dairy calves, 32 newborn Holstein bull calves were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments for 5 wk in a 2 × 2 factorial, randomized complete block, split-plot design. Calves received moderate growth (MG) or low growth (LG) all-milk dietary treatments, formulated to support daily gai...

The in situ expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA in normal and pneumonic lung tissues of Holstein calves with bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) was compared with that of age-matched non-BLAD Holstein calves by in situ hybridization. Twenty-four Holstein calves (both BLAD and non-BLAD) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups and inoculated intr...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of weaning age on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), feed cost (FC) and benefit index (BI) of Holstein calves reared under organic farming system. Thirty two Holstein calves were divided into two treatments: early weaning (EW) vs. late weaning (LW). Calves in the both groups were provided with whole mi...

in order to investigate the effect of adding fennel powder (foeniculum vulgare) in starter diet on performance, immunity system and biometric parameters of holstein calves, 30 holstein calves (15 males and 15 females) with birth weight of 40±0.5 kg were used in a completely randomized design. experimental diets were: 1. starter without fennel powder (control), 2. starter containing 0.4% fennel ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of group size on behavior, growth, health, and welfare of veal calves. Holstein-Friesian bull calves (n=168; 44±3 d of age) were assigned randomly to 1 of 3 treatments of group housing with 2, 4, or 8 calves per pen. The pens used for housing were 3 by 1.20 m (2 calves per pen), 3 by 2.40 m (4 calves per pen), and 3 by 4.80 m (8 calves p...