The aim of the present paper is to investigate the influence of the constitutive model for shotcrete on the predicted displacements and stresses in shotcrete shells of deep tunnels. Previously proposed shotcrete models as well as a new extended damage plasticity model for shotcrete are evaluated in the context of 2D finite element simulations of the excavation of a stretch of a deep tunnel by m...

Abstract Rock bursts are one of the most common dynamic disasters in coal mines and seriously affect safety production. At present, there three types rock bursts: fault‐structure, fold‐structure, thick/hard‐roof bursts. First, paper proposed an innovative technology for mine ground fracturing to control those Then, new method, its devices, process, monitoring technique cracks were introduced. N...

BACKGROUND Plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance are of limited value for the estimation of renal function in cirrhotics. In these patients, cystatin C (Cys C) has been proposed as an alternative marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and Cys C-based equations for calculation of GFR have been developed in non-cirrhotic patient cohorts. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed correlation,...

Shark attacks on humans are high profile events which can significantly influence policies related to the coastal zone. A shark warning system in South Africa, Shark Spotters, recorded 378 white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) sightings at two popular beaches, Fish Hoek and Muizenberg, during 3690 six-hour long spotting shifts, during the months September to May 2006 to 2011. The probabilities o...

This paper proposes to study the stability of underground chambers while taking into account nonlinear characteristics geotechnical materials and pore water. According upper bound theorem limit analysis reliability theory, failure mode model are established considering water effect. The solution expression surrounding rock pressure in chamber is deduced. variation law analyzed under different p...