We review two new HIV counseling and testing guidelines by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The guidelines, which address the general population and pregnant women, reflect an important shift in the goals and methods of counseling and testing that has widespread implications. The guidelines' defining characteristic is the greater emphasis on increasing the numbers of people ...

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), syphilis, and hepatitis B are sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that can pass from pregnant women to their babies. Transmission of HIV, Hepatitis children mothers’ results in morbidity, disability, death. Indonesia has adopted the Prevention Mother-to-Child (PMTCT) as a national policy, following voluntary counseling testing approach.

BACKGROUND The acceptability and feasibility of provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) in many settings across Asia with concentrated HIV epidemics is not known. A pilot study of the PITC policy undertaken within the public health care systems in two districts in India offered the opportunity to understand patient's perspectives on the process of referral for HIV testing and linki...

This study investigated heterosexual HIV risk behaviors, changes in stage of change for safer sex and factors associated with such changes, among a diverse sample of 560 heterosexually active individuals presenting at publicly funded HIV C&T sites. Questionnaires were administrated before HIV C&T, and three months afterwards. Positive serostatus was the most significant predictor of safer behav...

INTRODUCTION Safer conception strategies create opportunities for HIV-serodiscordant couples to realize fertility goals and minimize periconception HIV transmission. Patient-provider communication about fertility goals is the first step in safer conception counseling. METHODS We explored provider practices of assessing fertility intentions among HIV-infected men and women, attitudes toward pe...

OBJECTIVES To describe changes in sexual behavior and condom use among male heterosexual clients at two public sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in Pune, after exposure to HIV testing, counseling, and condom promotion. DESIGN From 13 May 1993 to 11 April 1997, 6819 heterosexual men were screened for HIV infection as part of the HIV Network for Prevention Trials study. A total of 1628...

With the continued transmission of HIV each year, novel approaches to HIV prevention are needed. Since 2003, the U.S. HIV prevention focus has shifted from primarily targeting HIV-negative at-risk persons to including safer sex programs for people already infected with HIV. At least 20-30% of people infected with HIV engage in risky sexual practices. Based on these data, policymakers have recom...

human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is a public health challenge facing both developing and developed nations. although injecting drug use is even the main route of hiv transmission in iran, sexual route is rising gradually. vulnerable women have been considered as important bridging population for driving hiv epidemics. to increase the access to vulnerable women, in 2007, 5 pilot centers were e...

OBJECTIVE Decreasing the risk of HIV transmission from HIV-positive individuals is an important public health priority. We evaluated the effectiveness of a computer-based sexual risk reduction counseling intervention (CARE+) among HIV-positive persons enrolled in care. METHODS HIV-positive eligible participants (N=1075) were enrolled from 11 care sites in the Bronx, NY and Washington, DC and ...

Introduction: HIV counseling and testing is the vital and preliminary interventional step aimed at reducing the spread of HIV infection. The study was designed to determine the attitude of health care professionals towards voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV/AIDS at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional prospective study a sel...