OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of several wound factors on melanoma growth in a mouse model. DESIGN Cohort analytic study. SETTING Animal research facility of Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI. STUDY GROUP Seventeen groups of 5 C57BL/6 mice each. INTERVENTIONS A surgical wound was created in 1 hind limb, after which different concentrations of B16F10 melanoma cells were i...

A Japanese Black calf, manifested by clinical signs of inability to stand and extending hind limbs after birth, was investigated clinically and pathologically. In the neurological inspection, gastrocnemius reflex and patellar tendon reflex of the right hind limb were hyperactive, and gastrocnemius reflex and crossed extension reflex of the left hind limb were also hyperactive. Magnetic resonanc...

This report describes a case of polydactyly in the hind-limb of a West African Dwarf goat kid in South West Africa. Physical examination revealed the presence of four digits in each of the hind limbs. Radiological examination and macerated bones of the animal showed a bifid shape of each metatarsal that was more prominent from the distal half of the diaphysis. This resulted in the presence of f...

The rat hind-limb vasculature releases substance P when subjected to a rapid increase in flow through the vascular bed. This release also occurs during high flow after rats have been capsaicinized, when loss of substance P-containing nerve fibers was verified by immunohistochemistry. Air treatment, a procedure shown by transmission electron microscopy to have removed endothelial cells from the ...

An English setter (case 1) and a Tibetan mastiff (case 2) presented with intermittent weight-bearing lameness on the right hind limb when trotting. The dogs had a history of femoral head and neck ostectomy (FHNO). Orthopedic examination revealed pain and crepitus on the right hip joint. The dogs underwent total hip replacement (THR). At the 2-year (case 1) and 1-year (case 2) follow-up, both do...

Peripheral arterial diseases, the major complication of diabetes, can result in lower limb amputation. Since endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in neovascularization, the aim of this study was to examine whether EPCs isolated from Wharton's jelly (WJ-EPCs) of the umbilical cord, a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells, could reduce ischemia-induced hind limb injury in diabetic mic...

The use of isolated in vitro spinal cord preparations to examine the underlying networks that control locomotion has become popular. It is also well known that afferent feedback can excite and modulate these networks. However, it is often difficult to selectively activate classes of afferents that subserve specific modalities using in vitro preparations. Here, we describe a technique where affe...

Unregulated Ca(2+) entry is thought to underlie muscular dystrophy. Here, we generated skeletal-muscle-specific transgenic (TG) mice expressing the Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) to model its identified augmentation during muscular dystrophy. The NCX1 transgene induced dystrophy-like disease in all hind-limb musculature, as well as exacerbated the muscle disease phenotypes in δ-sarcoglycan (Sg...

Hemimelia as a congenital anomaly is a failure of development of extremities formation in embryonic period. This anomaly is defined as complete absence of the part of extremities and different forms were explained for hemimelia. Adactyly is an alternative name for transverse hemimelia and is a rare disorder in the most of animal species. A two months old male lamb with normal vital signs was re...