OBJECTIVES Our objective was to determine if long-term daily administration of phytonutrient supplements can prevent the immediate adverse impact of a high-fat meal and increase the production of nitric oxide. BACKGROUND Ingestion of a high-fat meal impairs flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery for at least 4 h; however, co-ingestion of vitamin antioxidants or a green salad has be...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a high-fat meal on endothelial function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). STUDY DESIGN Twenty-three children with T1D, aged 12 to 18 years, and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were assessed for baseline macronutrient intake, and endothelial function was measured both fasting and after a standardized fast-food, high-fat breakf...

We examined meal patterns after isocaloric duodenal infusions of fat, carbohydrate (CHO), and protein by measuring meal size, intermeal interval (IMI) and total food intake (TFI). Wistar rats were adapted to normal feeding 6 h/day, with continuous computer monitoring of feeding patterns. One of five solutions (10 ml of 1 kcal/ml at 0.45 ml/min; 0, 20, 50, 80, or 100% of energy from fat) or sali...

Postprandial metabolic response depends on the meals' components and can be different in normal weight and obese people. However, there are some discrepancies between various reports. The aim of this study was to determine the metabolic response after intake of standardised meals with various fat and carbohydrate contents and to determine the differences among normal weight and overweight/obese...

the method of quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (qc-pcr) was conducted to compare the number of rumen anaerobic fungi in pure culture of fungi containing high fat sunflower meal (165 g fat/kg dm) processed with formaldehyde and naoh. twenty one multiparous early lactating holstein cows (30±5 days of lactation) selected and fed experimental diets for 7 weaks. the diets were incl...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether fat quality, in the context of meals with high- (HGI) or low-glycemic index (LGI), influences postprandial blood glucose (PPG) response in patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS According to a randomized crossover design, 13 patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump consumed two series (HGI or LGI) of meals with the same carbohydrate quant...

Paraoxonase is an enzyme associated with HDL in human serum that hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids and inhibits LDL oxidation, which is an important step in atherogenesis. In animals, addition of oxidized lipids to the circulation reduces paraoxonase activity, and diets rich in oxidized fat accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. The current randomized, crossover study was designed to co...

The objective of this study was to investigate meal-related endocrine changes that permit one to identify Sprague-Dawley rats at normal weight that are prone (OP) vs. resistant (OR) to obesity. In blood collected via chronic cardiac catheters, a 2-h high-fat meal (HFM, 50% fat, 40 kcal) at dark onset caused a significant increase in leptin, insulin, and triglycerides compared with premeal level...

The aim of the experiment was to test the theory that accustoming pigs to a high-fat diet causes exaggerated gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) secretion in response to a high-fat meal, and to determine whether hypersecretion of GIP could be related to an increase in the GIP content of the small intestine. Twenty-four pigs were fed one of three dietary regimens for 11 weeks: a high-carbohydra...

Background and aim: Postprandial hyperlipidaemia has been associated with acute cardiovascular effects e.g. endothelial dysfunction and peripheral vasodilatation. Oats have known health benefits, and may reduce the transient, post-prandial endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this short study was to investigate if markers of endothelial function pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index c...