In 1992, the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission created a secondary market for natural gas transportation whereby shippers holding firm transportation capacity on interstate natural gas pipelines can compete with the pipeline in the provision of transportation services. However, if a shipper does not use some of its contracted firm transportation capacity, the pipeline can resell that ca...

Existing literature argues that political competition and electoral participation influence government efficiency. However, empirical evidence on the matter for developing countries is scant mixed. This paper contributes to by exploring impact of fiscal performance 1,098 Colombian municipalities during four periods (2000-2015). Using a fixed effect panel data model, we find significant positive...

This study aimed to identify marketing channels and analyze the behavioral structure market performance of palm oil FFB in Ngabang District. The research location determined by using purposive sampling, namely three villages respondents this were farmers all institutions involved FFB. results showed that there are for FFB, channel 1, selling collectors, then large agents who distribute factorie...

This paper utilizes a rank-size function to investigate market concentration in lieu of well-known measures. For comparison, two measures were chosen: Theil’s entropy and the Herfindahl. The empirical results are based on premiums written for twelve lines of property and liability insurance. While the two concentration measures rank the lines for the level of concentration in almost complete un...

The main objective of this paper is to introduce an Allen-type index differentiation based on cost functions. With index, we create economic measure product that quantifies differences between products. Applied research has some generally accepted measures, for example, the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index market concentration, or Gini coefficient inequality. Product differentiation, however, does no...

In this review, we describe the creation of a large database of thermoelectric materials prepared by abstracting information from over 100 publications. The database has over 18 000 data points from multiple classes of compounds, whose relevant properties have been measured at several temperatures. Appropriate visualization of the data immediately allows certain insights to be gained with regar...

2. Generality A patent that is being cited by a broader array of technology classes is viewed as having greater generality. Generality is calculated as the Herfindahl index of citing patents, used to capture the dispersion across technology classes of patents using the patent. To account for cases with a small number of patents within technology classes, I use the bias correction described in J...

Recent increases in market concentration among health plans, hospitals, and medical groups raise questions about what impact such mergers are having on costs to consumers. We examined the impact of market concentration on the growth of health insurance premiums between 2014 and 2015 in two Affordable Care Act state-based Marketplaces: Covered California and NY State of Health. We measured healt...

This paper aims to examine export, import and trade intensity, export specialization index, Herfindahl-Hirschman index for bilateral concentration diversification indices analyze the specializations, structure trends of deficit in between Bangladesh China from 1995 2018 policy recommendations this regard. The results reveal that gap intensity is widening rapidly perennial. expose very significa...