Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide owing to limited insights into pathogenesis and unsatisfactory efficacy of current therapies. HER2 and TOP2A genes are coamplified in breast and some other cancers. In this study, we investigated gene aberrations of HER2 and TOP2A and protein expressions of HER2, TOP2A, Ki-67, and p53 in tumor and matched nontu...

This study sought to evaluate a new combined gene and protein detection platform in the context of HER2 evaluation in breast and gastric carcinomas. HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and dual color in situ hybridization (Dual ISH) were combined on a single slide. Results were compared with conventional HER2 IHC and fluorescence ISH. Results from the gene and protein assay were reliable and highly...

The development of targeted therapies for KRAS, EGFR and HER2 may increase the range of response in patients with colorectal cancer. Mutation at codons 12 and 13 of the KRAS gene has been shown to be predictive of cetuximab response in colorectal cancer. However, due to the combined effects of multiple oncogenes involved in disease progression of patients with colorectal cancer, it seems to be ...

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 or ErbB2) can be overexpressed, amplified and/or mutated in malignant tumors, and is a candidate for therapeutic targeting. However, molecular associations and clinical significances of these alterations were controversial in lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the frequency and clinicopathological significance of HER2 dysregulation in pati...

PURPOSE Chemotherapy plus trastuzumab is standard of care for HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, not all patients with HER2-positive AGC seem to benefit from trastuzumab. We evaluated the association between treatment outcomes with trastuzumab and HER2 status in patients with HER2-positive AGC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We enrolled 126 patients with HER2-positive AGC treated with...

BACKGROUND Trastuzumab-based therapy is a standard, targeted treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer in the adjuvant setting. However, patients do not benefit equally from it and the association between HER2 amplification level and patients' survival remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by incorporating all available evidence to evaluate the association b...

Twenty-five years after the publication of seminal studies showing that HER2 gene amplification and protein overexpression are oncogenic in breast cancer, Bose and colleagues report on the identification of activating HER2 somatic mutations that, albeit rare, may determine the response of breast cancer cells to anti-HER2 agents. These results herald a new era for the potential use of existing H...

Genome sequencing of relapsed, invasive lobular breast cancer identified actionable mutations in 86% of the cases. HER2 alterations occur in 27% of the cases, including 4 cases with activating HER2 mutations and 1 with a novel HER2-GRB7 gene fusion. This fusion links the HER2 tyrosine kinase domain to the GRB7 src homology 2 (SH2) domain.

Amplification of genes in breast cancer cells was shown to be coordinated in the majority of cases assuming the presence of common undisclosed mechanism underlying intrachromosomal gene amplification process. Overexpression and amplification of the HER-2/neu gene is observed in 20–30% of breast cancer cases and predicts more frequent relapse and shorter survival time. However, the initial event...

Approximately one in four breast cancers is driven by amplification of the receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 (ERBB2). HER2 signals through oncogenic pathways, such as the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway. Blockade of HER2 with FDA-approved drugs such as trastuzumab, lapatinib, and pertuzumab has changed the natural history of HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers and improved patient...