This article identifies and elaborates on preconditions, drivers and barriers behind the development of excess heat based systems of district heating in Sweden. Industrial excess heat based district heating systems are considered generally resource-efficient since it could reduce the use of fossil fuels and emissions of greenhouse gases by saving primary energy for district heating companies su...

A multi-functional heat-pump system is proposed to efficiently utilize the gray water as heat source and sink for heating and cooling of residential buildings, respectively. Heat is reclaimed from the plate heat exchanger installed at the outlet of the compressor to provide sufficient hot water for residential use. To study the performance of this innovative system, laboratory testing is perfor...

This paper studies planning problems for a group of heating systems which supply the hot water demand for domestic use in houses. These systems (e.g. gas or electric boilers, heat pumps or microCHPs) use an external energy source to heat up water and store this hot water for supplying the domestic demands. The latter allows to some extent a decoupling of the heat production from the heat demand...

Fuel flexibility is a significant advantage of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and can be attributed to their high operating temperature. The eligibility of a combined heat and power (CHP) system has been investigated as a new power generation methode, in this study. Natural gas fueled SOFC power systems via methane steam reforming (MSR) yield electrical conversion efficiencies exceeding 50% and...

The paper describes a design tool for decentralised energy supply by preferable use of renewable energy. The powerful modelling language Modelica has been used to develop a model library for input data generation and/or predicting and modelling the main parts of the energy supply system for the simulation tool Dymola. An optimal control design using the well suited Dymola model in connection wi...

This paper introduces a novel concept of mini-hybrid solar power plant integrating a field of solar concentrators, two superposed Organic Rankine -CyclesIORC) and a (bio)Diesel engine. Turbines for the Organic Rankine Cycles are hermetic scroll expandergenerators. Sun tracking solar collectors are composed of rows of flat mirroi bands (CEP) arranged in a plane, which focus the solar energy onto...

A distillation column with the possibility of heat exchange on every tray (a fully diabatic column) is optimized in the sense of minimizing its total entropy production. This entropy production counts the interior losses due to heat and mass flow as well as the entropy generated in the heat exchangers. It is observed that the optimal heating distribution, i.e. the heat exchange required on each...

A new paradigm for the aetiology of heat stroke in humans has emerged recently, which invokes the possibility of novel approaches to the treatment and prevention of heat stress in livestock species. Exposure to heat results in redistribution of blood to the periphery and compensatory reduction in the blood supply to the gut, which damages cells lining the gut, permitting endotoxin to enter the ...