This paper re-explores the relation between a country’s level of wealth and the mix of products it exports. It shows how a country’s capabilities i.e., its productivity and quality levels in each good, simultaneously determines both the mix of goods it produces and exports, and its level of gdp per capita. In our multi-product general equilibrium setting, the relation between a country’s qualit...

Djankov and Reynal Querol (2010, RESTAT) show that the level of GDP per capita has no significant effects on the risk of civil war once country fixed effects are accounted for. Therefore, they argue that the relationship between income and civil war is spurious. This paper shows that when focus is on the change, rather than on the level, of GDP per capita that the significant negative relations...

This study augments the neoclassical growth model proposed by Mankiw, Romer, and Weil (1992) to analyze the effects of the property rights protection on the levels of economic performance, measured by per capita GDP, across countries. The augmented model predicts that (1) the accumulation of physical and human capital, and therefore the level of per capita GDP in a country, is positively relate...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper was to examine the patterns of spending, price, and the utilization of ADHD medications during the 10-year period, from 1994 to 2003 among 4 different per capita GDP group countries. METHODS This study used the IMS Health database and included both branded and generic ADHD medications. We examined the changes in quantity and price as well as the mixed effec...

This study of the impact of economic freedom on per capita real GDP among OECD nations over the 2002-2006 period, with each OECD nation during this time frame being treated as a de facto “economic region” within the OECD, finds strong initial support for the hypothesis proffered here, namely, the higher the degree of economic freedom, the higher the level of economic activity and hence the high...

BACKGROUND Injuries and deaths from road traffic crashes are one of the main public health problems throughout the world. This study aimed to identify determinants of fatality traffic accident in Iran for the twenty-span year from 1991 to 2011. METHODS A time series analysis (1991-2011) was used to examine the effects of some of the key explanatory factors (GDP per capita, number of doctors p...

Pakistan is a country in south-west Asia with an area of 310 403 square miles and a population in 2008 of 173 million. The gross domestic product (GDP) in 2010 was US$ 177 billion with a per capita GDP of US$ 2005, ranking 173rd in the world, and a per capita income of US$ 1257 or 138th in the world rankings. The human development index in 2011 was 0.504 making Pakistan 145th in the world ranki...

The pharmaceutical market has some unique specifications in healthcare economics. It has to provide its products to the health systems and usually has to get its profits from reimbursement systems. But both health and reimbursement markets are rather different from free markets in terms of their official rules and being categorized as “market failure”. In such conditions, the first thought that...

This article looks at how healthcare IT can save hospitals and health services valuable funding and how these saving compare to the costs involved. The chief barriers to success and possible solutions to these difficulties are outlined. The author also points to the need for government intervention in implementing healthcare IT on a board scale. RICHARD HILLESTAD, PHD SENIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENTIS...