Objective We evaluated the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic liver disease. Research design and methods Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ≥7.0%) and chronic liver disease were included in this study. Sixteen patients (HbA1c level, 7.2%±...

The importance of the HbA1c assay for evaluation of long-term glucose control is well established (1–3). However, data for HbA1c and average plasma glucose, in spite of their strong correlation (4 –7), show considerable scatter: for a given HbA1c level, average blood glucose generally varies by 5 mmol/l (7). This hampers interpretation of the HbA1c values of individual patients. In this study o...

BACKGROUND A fluctuating blood glucose level is one of the risks of chronic complications in diabetes. Previous studies indicated that hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values apparently improved after initiation of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG). The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the frequency of SMBG, long-term fluctuatation of HbA1c, and risks of chronic complic...

PURPOSE The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are currently increasing. Accordingly, the concept of "preventing diabetes" in high-risk groups has become more important in diabetic care, but the use of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a measure has limitations in this field. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in assessing pr...

AIMS The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between a specific glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement and a pharmaceutical dispensings-based measure of adherence calculated over the 90 days before each HbA1c measure among patients who have newly initiated metformin therapy. METHODS We identified 3109 people with type 2 diabetes who initiated metformin as their first-ever anti...

BACKGROUND Gemigliptin is a new dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor. We investigated the efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy with gemigliptin and metformin compared with monotherapy with either drug in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS A total of 433 T2D patients with a glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level of 7.5% to 11.0% and a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentra...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is associated with dementia risk, but evidence is limited for possible associations of diabetes and prediabetes with cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE To determine whether diabetes in midlife is associated with 20-year cognitive decline and to characterize long-term cognitive decline across clinical categories of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. DESIGN Prospective cohort...

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder associated with hyperandrogenism marked with hirsutism and ovarian dysfunction. These conditions may lead to the risk of insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. These conditions are related to PCOS complications hence our aim was to study and investigate the relationship between high-sens...

Purpose of the study was to find out the relation between HbA1c which is an useful indicator of long term glycemic control and the qualitative and quantitive activity of precorneal tear film with the help of Tear Film Break up Time(TBUT) and Schirmer’s test respectively.40 type 2 diabetic patients and 20 age and sex matched healthy controls undergone HbA1c level, TBUT estimation and Schirmer’s ...