The immunogenicity of a number of avirulent rough Salmonella dublin mutants was compared in mice and guinea-pigs. Live vaccine prepared from Strain HB 1/17 at doses of 5 X 10(7) per mouse usually gave an immunity of between 70 and 80% but in certain experiments the results were more variable and always poorer. This strain gave a cross protection of 28,5% to S. typhimurium in mice. In guinea-pig...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HB vaccination is an essential step in the prevention of the disease and its consequent complications. OBJECTIVES Immune status of medical personnel in teaching hospitals of Khuzestan is not well known. Since these personnel are usually at risk of needle stick and oth...

Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in contexts of unique sequence (CpG motifs) is active as adjuvant in induction of cellular and humoral immune responses in young mice. To date, there are only limited reports about effect of CpG ODN on immune responses against hepatitis B (HB) infection in aged mice. Our studies demonstrated there were significant increases i...

The Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) offers services to the population free of charge but these activities are costly with the greatest part being the cost of vaccines. In spite of the growing international solidarity towards funding for immunization, the growing objectives continue to outweigh the available resources. It is therefore crucial for any immunization system to seek greater ef...

Background Honey bee (HB) venom immunotherapy (HBVIT) reduces the frequency of immediate generalised reactions (IGR) to subsequent sting by only ~ 80% and in the process induces IGR in many subjects. In influenza vaccine studies delta inulin adjuvant enhanced immunogenicity and provided antigen-sparing without any adverse reactions. In an ongoing double-blinded clinical trial we are studying th...

Recent advances in hepatitis research have shed new light on the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and prevention of type B hepatitis infection. The so-called 'Dane' particle is probably the complete hepatitis B virion; its outer coat is the hepatitis B (Australia) antigen (HB Ag) and its inner core is an immunologically distinct particle. Subtypes of HB Ag (a, d, y, w and r) are useful indi...

Tumor relapses in patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BALL) occur frequently after primary treatment. Therefore, development of additional treatment modalities to eliminate residual tumor cells is needed. Active immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor-associated antigens is a promising approach to induce specific T-cell immunity in patients with canc...

Of the 110 dentists who had presented seroconversion 50 days after the intradermal application of three 2 μg doses of the Belgian recombinant vaccine against hepatitis B (HB), administered eight years before at an interval of one month between the 1st and 2nd doses and of five months between the 2nd and 3rd doses, 51 were included for the assessment of the persistence of immunity. None of the d...

Of the 110 dentists who had presented seroconversion 50 days after the intradermal application of three 2 micrograms doses of the Belgian recombinant vaccine against hepatitis B (HB), administered eight years before at an interval of one month between the 1st and 2nd doses and of five months between the 2nd and 3rd doses, 51 were included for the assessment of the persistence of immunity. None ...