Since all information depends solely on the training data, machine learning algorithms typically do not employ external knowledge or other experiences during process. Methods for have been rigorously tested against novel varieties of highly technical “black box” “white adversarial attacks. By employing attacks, attackers can change systems to serve a harmful end goal. When authorized implemente...

abstract because of relation between digestive enzyme activity and feeding of insects that directly is in relation with the damage of insects; studying digestive enzyme systems is important in finding new control methods based on inhibiting digestive enzyme activity. recently using transgenic plants containing enzyme inhibitors is important in improving resistance of crops to pests because of s...

The study results on prevalence of the main harmful insects mother planting basic grape plants Rostov region: rose leafhopper, buffalo treehopper, tree cricket, tobacco and thrips, which are polyphagous phytophages, presented. As a result negative impact organisms plant normal development is disrupted. spread increase in insect harmfulness region facilitated by an average annual temperature to ...

anastrepha bezzii (diptera: tephritidae) larvae are common inside fruits of sterculia chicha (malvaceae) in minas gerais state, brazil. the seed dormancy and attack by a. bezzii of the native species s.chicha can be detrimental to seed germination and thus the natural spread of this plant. the objectives of the current study were to compare ecological observations of a. bezzii and s. chicha in ...

In this review the various aspects related to recycling of Waste PET bottles, their adequate methods disposal and management are focused. is not as harmful other polymeric waste but its huge volumes a big threatening environment, due non-biodegradability it, contaminates soil, water also becomes habitat rodents/insects. These problems make necessity recycled PET. Advanced technologies Post-cons...

Analysis of long-term data on the state populations entomofauna in agricultural landscapes is practical importance for determining feasibility chemical protection agroecosystems. Through example species a harmful entomological complex winter wheat different natural and climatic zones Ukraine, dynamics population size insects under global warming indicator living planet index (LPI) have been stu...

Cyanide ions are known to be lethal for insects and mammals harmful the environment, new methods their selective detection in high demand. Herein, mechanosynthesis of simple Schiff’s bases-based probes S1–S3 visual CN− anion is reported. These were obtained by means a reaction between isomeric 4,4-, 3,3- 2,2-diaminobiphenyls 4-nitrobenzaldehyde under ball milling conditions. The showed selectiv...

ABSTRACT- Several species of aphids cause severe damage to citrus in the north of Iran. Predatory insects play an important role in biological control of the pests in citrus orchards. In this study, potential predatory insects of citrus aphids, Aphis spiraecola, A. gossypii and Toxoptera aurantii, were identified and their seasonal population dynamics...

b a ckground: aquatic insects are the  major groups of arthropods that spend  some parts of their life cycle in the water. these insects play an important role for transmission of some human and animal diseases. there is few information about the aquatic insects fauna of iran. m e t hods: to study the aquatic insects fauna, adult, nymphal and larval collections were carried out from different h...