ultrasound guidance for pain interventions is becoming increasing recognized as a useful imaging tool. one of the common interventions where it is gaining wider acceptance is during the performance of a stellate ganglion block. the following is a unique report where intravascular and neuronal injury occurred during the performance of an ultrasound guided stellate ganglion block followed by dysp...

PURPOSE Intracellular free calcium ions (Ca(2+)) are an important element in retinal ganglion cell response. Two major EF-hand (E-helix-loop-F-helix-hand) calcium binding proteins in the retina, calretinin and calbindin-28 kDa, are important buffers of intracellular free Ca(2+) in neurons, and may also serve as Ca(2+)-dependent regulators of enzymes and ion channels. METHODS This study used i...

National Cooperative Growth Study substudy VII was conducted 1) to compare standardized hand-wrist and knee bone age determinations in pubertal children treated with growth hormone (GH); 2) to compare local determinations of bone ages with centrally determined bone ages; 3) to relate the response to GH therapy to the bone age determinations; and 4) to ascertain the predictive value of each type...

Ganglion cysts commonly occur around the shoulder, mostly in the spinoglenoid and suprascapular notches. We report a very rare case of intra articular Ganglion cyst of the long head of the biceps tendon that originated from the bicipital groove as a rare cause of shoulder pain.

Introduction: Constipation is one of the most common complaints of individuals, which may present with complication like hemorrhoid and fissure. Hirschsprung is a disease presenting with chronic constipation and its diagnosis may be delayed until adulthood. It is diagnosed by biopsies from anorectal transitional zone. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Hirschsprung and anorect...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Speech perception scores using cochlear implants have ranged widely in all published series. The underlying determinants of success in word recognition are incompletely defined. Although it has been assumed that residual spiral ganglion cell population in the deaf ear may play a critical role, published data from temporal bone specimens from patients have not supported thi...

In 18 patients with benign essential hypertension, renin release during reduction of arterial pressure due to sodium nitroprusside infusion was measured before and after administration of ganglion-blocking agents (pentolinium or trimethaphan). In 12 patients, renin release induced by reduction in pressure was significantly reduced but not abolished by ganglion blockade. Simultaneously, ganglion...

While the essential role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in nervous system development is well established, its function in the adult CNS is poorly understood. We investigated the role of BMP signaling in the adult mouse retina following damage in vivo. Intravitreal injection of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) induced extensive retinal ganglion cell death by 2 days. During this pe...