Idealized laboratory experiments reported in the literature have been designed to simulate specific physical and chemical conditions. These laboratory conditions have allowed researchers to control the variables which affect the behavior of contaminants in the subsurface and to identify the mechanisms which are likely to occur in the field. An understanding of the various mechanisms of facilita...

CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808 Why Three-Dimensional Plume Delineation is Necessary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812 Measurement of Vertical Hydraulic Heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 814 One Time Sampling versus P...

The ability of soil venting to inexpensively remove large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contaminated soils is well established. However, the time required using venting to remediate soils to low contaminant levels often required by state and federal regulators has not been adequately investigated. Most field studies verify the ability of a venting system to circulate air in ...

Ground water and surface water create a range of problems in lignite mining utilizing surface mining methods. In order to create a safe and economic mining environment, it is essential to carry out mining after dewatering the rock mass surrounding the lignite mines by advance dewatering techniques. This paper briefly describes the ground water regimes including pressure gradients associated wit...

human activities in the recent years have considerably increased the rate of water pollution in many regions of the world. in this case study, the main sources of wastewater discharging into the gargar river were identified. using river and point source flow rates and water quality parameters measured along the river, the river water quality was simulated using a commonly used, one-dimensional ...

successful application of a tbm in a project requires investigating both the ground conditions and the machine and backup system design features. prediction of the machine performance is very important as it has a big effect on the duration of the project and the costs. in this respect, both penetration rate and advance rate must be estimated. utilization factor, which depends on the type of op...