Hybrid languages have both modal and first-order characteristics: a Kripke semantics, and explicit variable binding apparatus. This paper motivates the development of hybrid languages, sketches their history, and examines the expressive power of three hybrid binders. We show that all three binders give rise to languages strictly weaker than the corresponding first-order language, that full firs...

The performance of asphalt binders at high and low temperatures has an important role on the rutting and crackingresistance of asphalt pavements. Crumb Rubber Modified (CRM) is one of the asphalt modifiers that improves asphaltphysical and mechanical properties and helps reducing environmental pollution. In this research, three unmodifiedand six CRM modified binders were teste...

For the first time, wall paintings of 20th century Russian artists in Bulgaria were analysed by means complementary analytical methods. Representative samples collected from church St. Nicholas Sofia, decorated famous Vasily Perminov, Michail Maletski and Nikolay Shelehov during different periods examined micro-Raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTI...

In recent years the DNA minor groove has attracted much attention for the development of anti-malarial agents. In view of this we have attempted to discover novel DNA minor groove binders through in-silico and in-vitro workflow. A rigorously validated pharmacophore model comprising of two positive ionizable (PI), one hydrophobic (HY) and one ring aromatic (RA) features was used to mine NCI chem...

Proteins that can bind specifically to targets that also have an intrinsic property allowing for easy detection could facilitate a multitude of applications. While the widely used green fluorescent protein (GFP) allows for easy detection, attempts to insert multiple binding loops into GFP to impart affinity for a specific target have been met with limited success because of the structural sensi...

M. Holtzer, B. Grabowska, S. Żymankowska-kumon, D. Kwaśniew skakrólikowska, R. Dańko, W. Solarski, A. Bobrowski, AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Kraków, Poland Procedures have been developed to determine the volume, rate and composition (particularly BTEX: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)) of gas evo...

Aims Renal Osteodystrophy (ROD) is a systemic disorder that develops early with loss of kidney functions and is manifested by abnormalities in bone metabolism, mineralization and volume. Phosphate binders are a major constituent in chronic kidney disease management. Previous Aluminum and calcium containing phosphate binders were thought to be of detrimental effect on bone histology. The aim of ...

Modern tools in proteomics require access to large arrays of specific binders for use in multiplex array formats, such as microarrays, to decipher complex biological processes. Combinatorial protein libraries offer a solution to the generation of collections of specific binders, but unit operations in the process to isolate binders from such libraries must be automatable to ensure an efficient ...

BACKGROUND Phage Display technology is a well established technique for high throughput screening of affinity ligands. Here we describe a new compact chromato-panning procedure for selection of suitable binders from a phage peptide display library. RESULTS Both phages and E. coli cells pass non-hindered through the interconnected pores of macroporous gel, so called cryogel. After coupling a l...

Probing protein-protein interactions in living cells is crucial for understanding the protein functions and developing drugs. Small-sized protein binders are considered effective and useful for such analysis. Here we describe the development and use of a repebody, which is a protein binder composed of LRR (Leucine-rich repeat) modules, for tracking protein-protein interaction and localization i...