This experiment compared California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi) activity on replicated grazed and ungrazed pastures in a blue oak (Quercus douglasii) savanna. During the 4-year study, squirrel activity, measured as the number of active burrows, generally declined in grazed and ungrazed pastures without oak canopy. Squirrel activity declined least in grazed pastures with blue oak can...

Changes in vegetation from 1990 to 2000 were examined at 10 high country localities, representing four grassland types: fescue tussock (Festuca novae-zelandiae), snow tussock (Chionochloa rigida), red tussock (C. rubra), and silver tussock (Poa cita). At each locality, three treatments were established: ambient sheep+rabbit grazing, rabbit grazing only, and no grazing. The mutivariate methods o...

Regeneration and forest durability guarantee is one of the most important aspects of forest sustainability and it should be placed in forest plans priority. To compare regeneration in the two grazed and non-grazed forest, Baghe-shady forest located in Khatam city (it has the preservative regions that they are 20 years old), Yazd province, Central of Iran was selected. For this purpose, 60 sampl...

Small mammals play important roles in many ecosystems, and understanding their response to disturbances such as cattle grazing is fundamental for developing sustainable land use strategies. However, how small mammals respond to cattle grazing remains controversial. A potential cause is that most of previous studies adopt rather simple experimental designs based solely on the presence/absence of...

Regeneration and forest durability guarantee is one of the most important aspects of forest sustainability and it should be placed in forest plans priority. To compare regeneration in the two grazed and non-grazed forest, Baghe-shady forest located in Khatam city (it has the preservative regions that they are 20 years old), Yazd province, Central of Iran was selected. For this purpose, 60 sampl...

Positive plant interactions have strong effects on plant diversity at several spatial scales, expanding species distribution under stressful conditions. We evaluated the joint effect of climate and grazing on the nurse effect of Croton wagneri, by monitoring several community attributes at two spatial scales: microhabitat and plant community. Two very close locations that only differed in grazi...

Environmental and management pressures are considered a threat for preserving plant communities worldwide. Identification of long-term impacts changing practices on community composition must, therefore, be major priority to ensure improvement in conservation value. Land abandonment/wilding is one topical area where there little available information impacts. To address this, here, we describe ...