Abstract. This paper presents an extension of the Generative Dependency Grammar (GDG) and GDG with Feature Structure (FS). The extension consist of the indirect dependency notion introduction. The direct dependencies allows to expres some relations between elements (for exemples non-terminals) belonging to the the right side of a single grammar rule. The indirect relations will allow to express...

In this paper we motivate a new technique for automatic recognition of hand-sketched igital ink. By viewing sketched drawings as utterances in a visual language, sketch recognition can be posed as an ambiguous parsing problem. On this premise we have developed an algorithm for ink parsing that uses a statistical model to disambignate. Under this formulation, writing a new recognizer for a visua...

Although story mapping strategy has been shown to be beneficial in many reading comprehension classes, the benefits of this technique have not been thoroughly investigated in L2 writing research. The small number of previous studies (e.g., Li, 2007; Brunner, 2010) have found the potential benefits of using story mapping strategy on students’ writing performance, but they did not focus on differ...

The current study examined relationships between expert human judgments of text quality and grammar and mechanical errors in student writing. A corpus of essays (N = 100) written by high school students in the W-Pal system was collected, coded for grammar and mechanical errors, and scored by expert human raters. Results revealed weak relations between grammar errors and holistic essay scores an...

“Grammatical support tools allow people who have difficulties with their grammar to make their computing and writing much easier. Good grammatical support can benefit even those without any learning disability or who do not think of themselves as having any significant grammar troubles.“ Suitable for this goal, we present the personalized grammar teaching system INCOMPASS for inclusion classroo...

The present review article discusses the significant role of technology, particularly blogging, in the development of the writing skill. Similar to the conventional classroom teaching, practitioners and researchers view blogs as tools for constructing grammar and writing skills and dispersing knowledge. In spite of the fact that learning through blogs can advance higher development of identity ...

Writing a transformational grammar for even a fragment of a natural language is a task of a high order of complexity. Not only must the individual rules of the grammar perform as intended in isolation, but the rules must work correctly together in order to pro~nce the desired results. The details of grammar-writing are likely to be regarded as secondary by the linguist, who is most concerned wi...

The paper describes the writing of Sketch Grammar for the Russian language as a part of the Sketch Engine system. The Sketch Engine representing itself a corpus tool which takes as input a corpus of any language and corresponding grammar patterns. The system gives information about a word’s collocability on concrete dependency models, and generates lists of the most frequent phrases for a given...

Requirements form the basis of the systems engineering life cycle activities but creating a good set of requirements is a difficult task. Some difficulties can be reduced through the application of a contextfree grammar for requirements to reduce the complexity of requirements elicitation. Developing the grammar involved a melding of computer science and natural language that yielded useful ins...