Fermentation of grain in the rumen and the digestion of starch in the small intestine are influenced by both animal and grain characteristics. Two assays were established to determine the importance of grain characteristics on fermentation and enzyme digestion. To simulate microbial fermentation in the rumen finely milled samples of grain were incubated in rumen fluid and the end products of fe...

Zeranol (Z) is an estrogenic growth-promoting agent synthesized from mycotoxin zearalenone (Zen). Inadvertent consumption of Z and its structural analogs from meat or grain products remain a food safety concern. An economic and rapid high performance liquid chromatography method with electrochemical detection using disposable screen-printed carbon electrode is developed for determination of Z, ...

Grain foods may play an important role in delivering nutrients to the diet of children and adolescents. The present study determined grain food sources of energy/nutrients in U.S. children and adolescents using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012. Analyses of grain food sources were conducted using a 24-h recall in participants 2-18 years old (N = 6109). So...

Self-reported food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) have occasionally been used to investigate the association between whole-grain intake and the incidence of colorectal cancer, but the results from those studies have been inconsistent. We investigated this association using intakes of whole grains and whole-grain products measured via FFQs and plasma alkylresorcinol concentrations, a biomarker ...

BACKGROUND Alkylresorcinols (ARs), phenolic lipids exclusively present in the outer parts of wheat and rye grains, have been proposed as specific dietary biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake. OBJECTIVE The objective was to validate plasma ARs as a biomarker of whole-grain wheat and rye intakes by studying the correlation between their plasma concentration and intake calculated from ...

This viewpoint aims to 1) review the available scientific literature on the relationship between whole grain consumption and body weight regulation; 2) evaluate the potential mechanisms whereby whole grain intake may help reduce overweight and 3) try to understand why epidemiological studies and clinical trials provide diverging results on this topic. All the prospective epidemiological studies...