Why do some countries, regions and schools have more bullying than others? What socio-economic, socio-political and other larger contextual factors predict school bullying? These open questions inspired this study with 53.316 5th- and 9th-grade students (5% of the national student population in these grades), from 1,000 schools in Colombia. Students completed a national test of citizenship comp...

Since 1989 the Bank’s Operational Directive (OD) 4.01 Environmental Assessment and its successor documents OP/BP/G 4.0 have required that affected groups and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) be consulted as part of the environmental assessment of projects and particularly those with potentially significant impacts (Category A). The primary purpose of this provision is to protect the interes...

conclusions the use of sms-based education is a constant and efficient educational approach for increasing mothers’ level of knowledge about children’s sleep health. background sleep-deprivation in children decreases the quality of life and endangers health. increasing mother’s level of awareness can help improve the children’s sleep schedule and avoid many associated problems. objectives this ...

With the continuous development of campus online loans, many problems have emerged while bringing convenience to college students. Some lending institutions false propaganda and unfair competition, charging high unreasonable fees when students take out tempting “use loans support loans”, buying selling students’ personal privacy information, using violent collection methods cannot repay in time...

Abstract We study the trade‐off between governmental investments in pretertiary and tertiary education from an efficiency point of view. develop a model comprising agents with different incomes abilities, public private schools, universities that select applicants based on admission exam. Reallocating resources to may positively affect aggregate production human capital if some conditions are s...

Statements made by major governmental and non-governmental bodies organizations (UNESCO, UNICEF, UNFPA, UNDP, the World Bank), members of various governments, during significant historical conferences (Dakar, 2000, Amman, 1996, Jomtien, 1990) emphasized importance ‘Education for All’. This is a message that reflects spirit philosophy inclusive education, an education free discrimination, barrie...

457 July 2014, Vol. 104, No. 7 Recommendations for the handling of fluorescent lamps in public schools in Johannesburg, South Africa To the Editor: Fluorescent lamps are regarded as hazardous waste because of their mercury content.[1] Mercury has toxic properties that may have acute or chronic detrimental impacts on human health and the environment.[2-4] A study was recently undertaken with the...