A pentahexosylceramide isolated from canine kidney and intestine was shown by enzyme hydrolyses, partial acid hydrolysis, permethylation and analysis of the products by gasliquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and serological tests to be a Forssman hapten identical in structure with the Forssman glycolipid from horse spleen. The assigned structure was N-acetylgalactosaminyl(otl +d)N-acetylga...

The stratum corneum (SC) of the epidermis acts as a skin permeability barrier, and abnormalities in SC formation lead to several disorders. Lipids, especially epidermis-specific ceramide classes ?-O-acylceramides (acylceramides) protein-bound ceramides, are essential for barrier formation. Ceramide synthase 3 (CERS3) is involved synthesis acylceramides CERS3 mutations cause autosomal recessive ...

Ceramide serves as a second messenger in a variety of mammalian cells. Little is known regarding the role of ceramide in the regulation of vascular endothelial function. The present study was designed to determine whether ceramide affects endothelium-dependent vasodilation in coronary arteries and to explore the mechanism of action of ceramide. In isolated and pressurized small bovine coronary ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and potentially for human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). Many cytotoxic drugs induce apoptosis through the generation and accumulation of the sphingolipid breakdown product, ceramide, a coordinator of the cellular response to s...

Sphingolipid synthesis is tightly regulated in eukaryotes. This regulation in plants ensures sufficient sphingolipids to support growth while limiting the accumulation of sphingolipid metabolites that induce programmed cell death. Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first step in sphingolipid biosynthesis and is considered the primary sphingolipid homeostatic regulatory point. In th...

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) rescued human natural killer (NK) KHYG-1 cells from apoptosis along with a reduction of ceramide. Conversely, an increase of ceramide inhibited IL-2–rescued survival. IL-2 deprivationinduced activation of acid sphingomyelinase (SMase) and inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) were normalized by IL-2 supplementation. A phosphatidyl in...

We recently reported that the marked decrease in cellular ceramide in primary astrocytes is an early event associated with the mitogenic activity of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (Riboni, L., Viani, P., Bassi, R., Stabieini, A., and Tettamanti, G. (2000) GLIA 32, 137-145). Here we show that a rapid activation of sphingomyelin biosynthesis appears to be the major mechanism responsible fo...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: HR: Hypersensitive Response; SAR: Systemic Acquired Resistance; WIPK: Wound-Induced Protein Kinase; SIPK: Salicylic Acid-Induced Protein Kinase; TCA: Trichloroacetic Acid; 2-ME: 2-Mercaptoethanol; SDS: Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate; PMSF: Phenyl Methyl Sulfonyl Fluoride; 2DE: 2D Gel Electrophoresis; DTT: Dithiothreitol; aact: Acetyl-CoA C-A...

Lag1p and Lac1p are two homologous transmembrane proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Homologous genes have been found in a wide variety of eukaryotes. In yeast, both genes, LAC1 and LAG1, are required for efficient endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. In this study, we show that lag1 Delta lac1 Delta cells hav...