Fasting in the rat is associated with a rapid and progressive decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity in adipose cells, which is not only restored to normal, but increased transiently to supranormal levels by refeeding. The mechanisms for these changes in glucose transport activity appear to involve alterations in both glucose transporter number and intrinsic activity (glucose...

The effect of insulinopenic diabetes on the expression of glucose transporters in the small intestine was investigated. Enterocytes were sequentially isolated from jejunum and ileum of normal fed rats, streptozotocin-diabetic rats, and diabetic rats treated with insulin. Facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) 2, GLUT5, and sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 protein content was increased fr...

Glycation of human erythrocyte membrane proteins was induced by incubation in vitro with high concentrations (80 mM or 200 mM) of D-glucose for 3 or 6 days. The extent of glycation was quantified from the covalent incorporation of 3H by reduction of the glucose glycation products with NaB3H4. For membranes incubated for 3 days with 80 mM-D-glucose, glycation in vitro of Band 4.5 (containing the...

Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS) is a rare inherited glycogen storage disease (GSD) caused by defects in facilitative Glucose Transporter (GLUT2) gene that codes for the glucose transporter protein 2 expressed in hepatocytes, pancreatic beta cells, enterocytes, and renal tubular cells. The clinical picture is characterized by glycogen accumulation in liver and kidney resulting in hepatomegaly and ...

This study investigated the blood glucose-lowering effect and antioxidant capacity of caffeic acid in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Caffeic acid induced a significant reduction of the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels than the control group. The plasma insulin, C-peptide, and leptin levels in caffeic acid group were significantly higher than those of the control group, whereas the plasma...

The plasma membrane glucose transporter (GLUT)-2 is unique among GLUT family proteins in that it also functions as a sensor. GLUT2 imposes sex-dimorphic control of hypothalamic astrocyte storage and catabolism by unknown mechanisms. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades operate within stress-sensitive signal transduction pathways. present study employed an established prima...

In this report, we have characterized the upregulation of glucose transport in two different respiration-deficient fibroblast cell cultures. We have demonstrated that glucose transport increases in respiration-deficient cells as measured by 2 deoxy D-glucose transport and is readily observed in both the WG750 human and G14 Chinese hamster fibroblast respiration-deficient cell lines when compare...